Abstract: The correlation between deformation and temperature is tested in detail on five rock types commonly observed on the Earth's surface. It is proven by both experimental and theoretical analysis that during the elastic deformation stage,the temperature of the rock is directly proportional to the loading force. According to the first and second laws of thermodynamics and Maxwells equation,the following relation can be deduced: σ-σ₀=-(cσρ)/α ln [T/T₀] or T/T₀= exp [-α/cσρ(σ-σ₀)] where σ is stress,T is temperature in Kelvin scale,α is modulus of heat strain,c σ is heat capacity and ρ is density. The results of the experiment are consistent with that of classic thermodynamics. Under Earth's surface condition,i.e. ordinary temperature and pressure,the maximum temperature increment of the sample elastically deformed in an open system is around 0.2K,and the normal rate of temperature rise is approximately 3mK/MPa. At the moment of fracturing,the temperature increment of the samples is much greater than that during elastic deformation,ranging from a couple degrees to more than ten degrees. The temperature increments caused by the elastic deformation of rocks are so minute that not only will they have any effect on climate,but cannot be identified by satellite infrared detectors. Therefore,new methods have to be explored for distilling faint information from infrared images,while the other thermo anomalies aside from elastic deformation should be carefully reviewed.

Key words: rock deformation, infrared radiation, temperature

摘要： 对地表常见的5种岩石样品和应力变温特性进行了详细研究。实验结果与理论分析表明,岩石弹性变形的压力温度关系均表现为加压升温,减压降温,同经典热力学理论完全一致。在常温常压的地表环境下,开放观测系统记录到的岩石材料弹性变形所引起的最高温升在0.2K左右,升温率一般在3mK/MPa左右。破裂或摩擦瞬间岩石有显著升温,温度变化量从几至十几摄氏度不等。弹性变形导致的温度变化量极其微小,不但远远小于气候影响的幅度,而且超出了卫星红外的直接探测能力。因此,需要探索新的红外图像分析方法,考察其它的热异常物理机制。

关键词: 岩石变形, 红外辐射, 温度