Abstract:

Xinxiang-Shangqiu Fault starts from Yuhekou in the west and extends eastward into Anhui Province through Xinxiang, Yanjin, Fengqiu, Lankao, Minquan, Shangqiu and Xiayi, with a total length of about 400km and a general strike of NWW. It is a regional concealed fault in Henan Province and a boundary fault between northern North China depression and southern North China depression.

This study focuses on the Fengqiu section of Xinxiang-Shangqiu Fault, which is the boundary structure between the Kaifeng sag, Neihuang uplift and Dongpu sag. Controlled by the NE-NEE trending Changyuan Fault and Yellow River Fault at its east and west end, this fault section has a length of about 30km and controls the Mesozoic to early Cenozoic sedimentation in the Kaifeng sag and the south side of Dongpu sag.

In this paper, the shallow structural characteristics and Quaternary activities of Fengqiu section of the Xinxiang-Shangqiu Fault are revealed by the combination of reflection seismic exploration and drilling detection. Two shallow seismic exploration profiles and one composite drilling geological section are arranged across the fault.

The results of shallow seismic exploration show that the Fengqiu section of Xinxiang-Shangqiu Fault is NWW trending. It is a north-dipping normal fault accompanied by several nearly parallel normal faults, and the fault is still active since the Quaternary.

In the composite drilling geological section at Yaowu, the latest faulted stratum is a clay layer between borehole YW5 and YW7, and the buried depth of the upper breakpoint is between 57.00~61.50m. Combined with the dating results of the collected samples, it is comprehensively judged that the latest activity age of Fengqiu section is the middle of late Pleistocene. Since the middle of late Pleistocene, the whole region is in a relatively stable tectonic period. It is verified that the comprehensive detection method of shallow seismic exploration with drilling can effectively find out the accurate location of hidden faults.

The zone with strong vertical differential movement is often the zone where earthquakes occur. The vertical differential movement between Kaifeng sag and Neihuang uplift is very strong, and the difference reaches nearly 1^{}000 meters since Neogene. Moreover, the structural pattern of the main strong earthquakes in the North China Plain is characterized by zoning in NE direction and segmentation in NW direction, especially at the intersections of NWW-trending faults and NE-trending faults. The Xinxiang-Shangqiu Fault intersects with a series of NE-NEE trending faults, including Tangdong, Changyuan, Yellow River and Liaolan faults from west to east. The Fengqiu section is at the intersection with the Changyuan Fault and the Yellow River Fault, and is located in the Fengqiu M6.5 potential seismic source area of the North China plain seismic belt. The intersection of two groups of Quaternary active faults is a favorable place for the preparation and generation of moderate and strong earthquakes. Therefore, the research results provide seismological basis for the site selection of major engineering projects, urban planning and construction in this area, and have reference value for discussing the geodynamic issues such as deep and shallow structural relationship and structural evolution of Xinxiang-Shangqiu Fault.

Key words: Fengqiu segment of Xinxiang-Shangqiu Fault, high resolution shallow reflection seismic profile, composite drilling section, structural features, latest active age

摘要：

为研究隐伏断裂的近地表特征和第四纪活动性, 在新乡-商丘断裂封丘段完成了2条高分辨率浅层地震反射剖面和1条钻孔联合地质剖面。通过地震反射剖面获得了新乡-商丘断裂封丘段深约1km以浅的地层及构造分布图像, 其结果表明, 新乡-商丘断裂封丘段浅部表现为由多条视倾向N的正断层组成的断裂体系, 总体走向NWW, 断层错断第四纪内部地层。钻孔联合地质剖面显示, 该断裂向上错断的最新地层为浅棕红色-褐黄色黏土层, 上断点埋深在57.00~61.50m之间。结合采集样品的测年结果判断, 封丘段的最新活动时代为晚更新世中期。文中的研究结果可为重大工程选址、 城镇规划与建设、 震害预测与评估提供基础资料, 对于探讨新乡-商丘断裂深浅构造关系、 区域构造演化等地球动力学问题具有参考价值。

关键词: 新乡-商丘断裂封丘段, 高分辨率浅层地震反射剖面, 钻孔联合地质剖面, 构造特征, 最新活动时代