ANALYSIS OF THE SEISMOGENIC STRUCTURE OF THE JUNE 2021 MS5.8 MANG’AI EARTHQUAKE IN NORTHERN QAIDAM BASIN

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2022.05.014

SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 1313-1332.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2022.05.014

• Research paper • Previous Articles Next Articles

ANALYSIS OF THE SEISMOGENIC STRUCTURE OF THE JUNE 2021 M_S5.8 MANG’AI EARTHQUAKE IN NORTHERN QAIDAM BASIN

ZHANG Bo-xuan¹⁾^,²⁾^,³⁾^,⁶⁾(), ZHENG Wen-jun¹⁾^,²⁾^,³⁾(), CHEN Jie³⁾^,⁴⁾, HE Xiao-hui¹⁾^,²⁾, LI Qi-lei⁵⁾, ZHANG Dong-li¹⁾^,²⁾^,³⁾, DUAN Lei¹^,²^,³⁾, CHEN Gan¹⁾^,²⁾^,³⁾

1) Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Geodynamics and Geohazards, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
2) Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
3) State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China
4) Xinjiang Pamir Intracontinental Subduction National Observation and Research Station, Beijing 100029, China
5) Qinghai Earthquake Agency, Xining 810001, China
6) Institute of Disaster Prevention, Sanhe, Hebei 065201, China

Received:2021-07-16 Revised:2022-02-27 Online:2022-10-20 Published:2022-11-28
Contact: ZHENG Wen-jun

柴达木盆地北部2021年6月16日青海茫崖M_S5.8地震发震构造分析

张博譞¹⁾^,²⁾^,³⁾^,⁶⁾(), 郑文俊¹⁾^,²⁾^,³⁾^,^*(), 陈杰³⁾^,⁴⁾, 何骁慧¹⁾^,²⁾, 李启雷⁵⁾, 张冬丽¹⁾^,²⁾^,³⁾, 段磊¹^,²^,³⁾, 陈干¹⁾^,²⁾^,³⁾

1)中山大学, 地球科学与工程学院, 广东省地球动力作用与地质灾害重点实验室, 珠海 510275
2)南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海), 珠海 519082
3)中国地震局地质研究所, 地震动力学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
4)新疆帕米尔陆内俯冲国家野外科学观测研究站, 北京 100029
5)青海省地震局, 西宁 810001
6)防灾科技学院, 三河 065201

通讯作者: 郑文俊
作者简介:
张博譞, 男, 1992年生, 2022年于中山大学获构造地质学博士学位, 主要研究方向为新构造与活动构造, E-mail: zhangboxuan92@163.com。
基金资助:
第2次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0901)

Abstract

Abstract:

The M_S5.8 Mang’ai earthquake occurred in northwest Qaidam Basin on June 16, 2021. There are the Santai reverse fault-fold belt, Xiaoqulin reverse fault-fold belt, Lenghu reverse fault-fold belt and Eboliang reverse fault-fold belt developed in the seismic area from north to south, which converge along the direction of the Altun Fault in the northwest and spread out in the southeast basin. As the boundary between the southern margin of Qilian Shan and the northern margin of Qaidam Basin, the Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonic deformation is very complex. The study of seismogenic capacity and mechanism of fold-related faults in this area is beneficial to further understand the strain distribution pattern and tectonic deformation mechanism between the southern Qilian Shan and the northern margin of Qaidam Basin.
This earthquake occurred in the eastern section of the NW-trending Lenghu anticline in the northwestern margin of Qaidam Basin. The focal depth of the earthquake is about 13km determined by using CAP method, and the focal mechanism solution is thrust type. The parameters of the double-couple nodal planes obtained in this paper are similar to those obtained by GFZ and USGS, respectively. Combined with surface geology, satellite images and seismic reflection profile interpretation, it is considered that the earthquake occurred in the southeast of the Lenghu reverse fault-fold belt, and the seismogenic structure may be one of two deep concealed thrust faults dipping north and south, respectively, which control the growth of the anticline under the east of Lenghu No.7 anticline.
According to the position of the growth strata interpreted by the seismic reflection profile, the latest rapid deformation in the eastern section of Lenghu anticline began around the sedimentary period of the Shizigou Formation in the Late Cenozoic, and the activity has continued till now.
This M_S5.8 Mang’ai earthquake only partially ruptured the underlying thrust fault of the east of Lenghu No.7 anticline, but did not rupture to the surface, so it was a typical folding earthquake.
According to the empirical formula of the rupture area-magnitude of reverse fault, we have estimated the upper limit of the maximum magnitude of many Quaternary active anticlines in the seismic region. All of these structures have the structural condition for generating M_W5.9~7.2 earthquakes, and may cause strong earthquakes of magnitude 7 or above due to cascading earthquake rupture. Therefore, the seismic risk of the earthquake area in the future cannot be ignored, and it is urgent to carry out more detailed research on the activity behavior of these structures.

Key words: M_S5.8 Mang’ai earthquake, Cut-and-Paste method, Lenghu reverse fault-fold belt, folded earthquake, seismogenic structure

摘要：

青海茫崖 M_S5.8 地震发生在祁连山与柴达木盆地交界的部位。对于此次地震开展研究, 不仅有助于理解柴达木盆地与祁连山之间的现今构造变形、应力状态及动力学过程, 也将为该区未来的强震趋势预测提供依据。文中首先利用CAP方法反演得到该次地震的震源深度约为13km, 震源机制解为逆冲性质。结合地表地质、卫星影像和地震反射剖面解译, 认为该地震发生在冷湖逆断裂-褶皱带的东南端, 发震构造可能为冷湖七号东背斜之下控制背斜生长的2条倾向相反的隐伏逆冲断裂之一。此次茫崖5.8级地震仅使冷湖七号东背斜下伏逆断层发生了部分破裂, 并未破裂至地表, 为典型的褶皱地震。震区发育多条第四纪活动褶皱及下伏逆断层, 这些构造均具备发生 M_W5.9 ~7.2地震的构造条件, 并有可能因级联地震破裂而引发7级以上强震。因此, 震区未来的地震危险性不容忽视。

关键词: 茫崖M_S5.8地震, CAP方法, 冷湖逆断裂-褶皱带, 褶皱地震, 发震构造

ZHANG Bo-xuan, ZHENG Wen-jun, CHEN Jie, HE Xiao-hui, LI Qi-lei, ZHANG Dong-li, DUAN Lei, CHEN Gan. ANALYSIS OF THE SEISMOGENIC STRUCTURE OF THE JUNE 2021 M_S5.8 MANG’AI EARTHQUAKE IN NORTHERN QAIDAM BASIN[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2022, 44(5): 1313-1332.

张博譞, 郑文俊, 陈杰, 何骁慧, 李启雷, 张冬丽, 段磊, 陈干. 柴达木盆地北部2021年6月16日青海茫崖M_S5.8地震发震构造分析[J]. 地震地质, 2022, 44(5): 1313-1332.

Figures/Tables 12

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来源	震中位置		震源深度 /km	震级	节面Ⅰ			节面Ⅱ			P轴		T轴		B轴
	北纬/(°)	东经/(°)			走向/(°)	倾角/(°)	滑动角/(°)	走向/(°)	倾角/(°)	滑动角/(°)	方位 /(°)	倾角/(°)	方位 /(°)	倾角/(°)	方位 /(°)	倾角/(°)
CENC	38.14	93.81	10	M_S5.8
USGS	38.21	93.72	14	M_W5.4	298	45	106	97	47	75	197	1	291	79	107	11
GCMT	38.25	93.72	17	M_W5.5	279	49	86	106	41	95	12	4	154	85	282	3
GFZ	38.13	93.76	17	M_S5.5	289	43	102	93	47	78
本文	38.14	93.81	13	M_W5.3	291	41	91	110	49	89	200	4	11	86	110	1

来源	震中位置		震源深度 /km	震级	节面Ⅰ			节面Ⅱ			P轴		T轴		B轴
	北纬/(°)	东经/(°)			走向/(°)	倾角/(°)	滑动角/(°)	走向/(°)	倾角/(°)	滑动角/(°)	方位 /(°)	倾角/(°)	方位 /(°)	倾角/(°)	方位 /(°)	倾角/(°)
CENC	38.14	93.81	10	M_S5.8
USGS	38.21	93.72	14	M_W5.4	298	45	106	97	47	75	197	1	291	79	107	11
GCMT	38.25	93.72	17	M_W5.5	279	49	86	106	41	95	12	4	154	85	282	3
GFZ	38.13	93.76	17	M_S5.5	289	43	102	93	47	78
本文	38.14	93.81	13	M_W5.3	291	41	91	110	49	89	200	4	11	86	110	1

厚度/km	P波速度/km·s^-1	S波速度/km·s^-1
0.5	2.50	1.20
0.5	4.00	2.10
18.0	6.00	3.50
18.0	6.40	3.70
18.0	7.10	3.90
0.0	8.15	4.70

厚度/km	P波速度/km·s^-1	S波速度/km·s^-1
0.5	2.50	1.20
0.5	4.00	2.10
18.0	6.00	3.50
18.0	6.40	3.70
18.0	7.10	3.90
0.0	8.15	4.70

构造带名称	地表背斜	地表背斜长度 /km	上断点埋深 /km	Leonard, 2010 (M_W)^*	Wells等, 1994 (M_W)^*	Leonard, 2010 (M_W)^#	Wells等, 1994 (M_W)^#
三台逆断裂-褶皱带	级联全部破裂	61	0~1	7.0	6.8	7.2	7.0
小丘林逆断裂- 褶皱带	小丘林西、东背斜	33~44	4~6	6.2~6.6	6.1~6.4	6.8~7.0	6.6~6.8
	级联全部破裂	77	4~6	6.7	6.6	7.2	7.0
冷湖逆断裂- 褶皱带	西段冷湖带	7~12	0~1	6.0~6.3	5.9~6.2	6.3~6.5	6.2~6.4
	中段冷湖带	7~31	3~6	5.9~6.3	5.9~6.2	6.2~6.8	6.1~6.6
	东段冷湖带	32~48	2~3	6.2~6.5	6.1~6.4	6.6~6.9	6.5~6.7
	冷湖七号西段	17	3	6.3	6.2	6.6	6.5
	冷湖七号东段	25	6	6.2	6.1	6.7	6.6
	级联全部破裂	144	0~6	7.1	7.0	7.5	7.3
鄂博梁逆断裂- 褶皱带	鄂博梁Ⅰ-Ⅲ号	40~50	4~7	6.4~6.6	6.3~6.5	7.0	6.8
	葫芦山	38	5	6.5	6.4	6.9	6.8
	级联全部破裂	175	4~7	7.1	7.0	7.6	7.3