Abstract:

A M_S6.4 earthquake occurred on May 21^th, 2021 at Yangbi, Yunnan. In this paper, high resolution InSAR coseismic deformation fields were obtained based on the ascending and descending track of Sentinel-1 SAR images. Based on the InSAR-derived deformation fields, the geometric model of the seismogenic fault was determined according to the aftershock relocation results. Then the fine coseismic slip distribution of the fault plane of Yangbi earthquake was inversed using a distributed sliding inversion method. Finally, the regional strain distribution and the Coulomb stress variation on the surrounding faults caused by coseismic dislocations and viscoelastic relaxation effect after earthquake were calculated, and the seismic risk of the seismogenic structure and the surrounding faults was discussed. The results show that the descending track co-seismic deformation field shows that the NE wall of the seismogenic fault moves close to the satellite, while the SW wall moves far away from the satellite, and the coseismic deformation is symmetrically distributed. The maximum LOS vectors were 8.6cm and 7.9cm, respectively, and the descending track profile showed a coseismic displacement up to 15cm. The fringes on the southwest side of the ascending track interferograms are relatively clear, showing movement close to the satellite, and the maximum LOS deformation magnitude is 5.7cm, while the interference fringes on the northeast side are not clear and the noise is obvious. The fault co-seismic dislocation is mainly of dextral strike-slip with a small amount of normal fault component. The coseismic slip mainly distributes at depths 2~10km, and the coseismic sliding rupture length is about 16km with the maximum slip of approximately 0.46m at a depth 6.5km. The average slip angle is 180° and the inverted magnitude is approximately M_W6.1. The causative fault did not rupture the surface. From the analysis of regional strain distribution and tectonic dynamic background, the Yangbi earthquake occurred in the region where the Sichuan-Yunnan rhomboid block is blocked in its process of SE movement by the South China block and deforms strongly. Combined with the analysis of the geometric occurrence and movement properties of faults, our study suggests that the causative fault of the Yangbi earthquake maybe is a branch of the Weixi-Qiaohou Fault or an unknown fault that is nearly parallel to it on the west side. This earthquake has a significant impact on the Coulomb stress of the Longpan-Qiaohou Fault, Chenghai Fault and Red River Fault in the southwestern Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block. The Coulomb stress in the northern section of Red River Fault is the most significant. The cumulative Coulomb stress variations of the coseismic and 10 years after the earthquake show that the Coulomb stress variation has increased in the northwestern Yunnan tectonic area. This earthquake is another typical seismic event occurring in the southwest of the Sichuan-Yunnan block after the Lijiang M_S7.0 earthquake in 1996 and the Mojiang M_S5.9 earthquake in 2018. The risk of strong earthquakes in the regional extensional tectonic system in northwest Yunnan and in the north section of the Red River fault zone cannot be ignored.

Key words: Yangbi earthquake, InSAR, coseismic slip distribution, Coulomb stress change, Weixi-Qiaohou Fault, Red River Fault

摘要：

2021年5月21日云南省漾濞县发生M_S6.4地震。 文中基于升、 降轨Sentinel-1 SAR影像, 利用InSAR技术获取了此次地震的同震形变场, 反演获取了发震断层的精细滑动分布, 计算了区域应变分配及同震位错引起的周边各断裂上的库仑应力变化, 对发震构造及周边断裂的地震危险性进行了讨论。 结果表明: InSAR同震形变场显示, 降轨LOS向形变最大量级约为8.6cm, 同震形变呈对称分布, 升轨LOS向形变最大量级为5.7cm, NE盘噪声明显; 同震位错以右旋走滑为主, 主要发生在2~10km深度, 最大滑动量约为0.46m, 位于6.5km深处, 同震错动未破裂到地表, 反演得到的矩震级为M_W6.1; 漾濞地震的发震断层可能为维西-乔后断裂的分支断裂或W侧与其近平行的一条未知断裂; 此次地震是继1996年丽江M_S7.0和2018年墨江M_S5.9地震之后发生在川滇菱形块体西南地区的又一次典型地震事件, 对川滇菱形块体西南地区的龙蟠-乔后断裂、 程海断裂和红河断裂北段的库仑应力影响较为显著, 滇西北拉张构造系统和红河断裂北段未来的强震危险性值得关注。

关键词: 漾濞地震, InSAR, 同震滑动分布, 库仑应力变化, 维西-乔后断裂, 红河断裂