关键词: 汶川M_S 8.0地震, 社会民众, 地震灾害认知, 地震灾害响应, 减灾宣教, 德阳市

Abstract: By taking Deyang prefecture-level city,Sichuan Province,one of the worst affected area of the 12th May,2008,M_S 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake as the case study area,some general features of the earthquake disaster cognition and responses of the social public in this large earthquake-hit area were analyzed preliminarily through questionnaire survey and field interview methods.The main conclusions are as follows:1)The comprehensive level and capability of cognizing on earthquake disasters and responding to the actual earthquake event of the social public in the studied area is not ideal.2)From the adolescent to the elderly,their levels and capabilities in different cognition and response aspects all increase gradually first and then decrease step by step.The population with highest levels and capabilities are those whose ages are from 19 to 25 years old,while the poorest are those juvenile and aged people.In addition,the earthquake disaster cognition levels of part of those middle-aged people are also obviously not as good as expected.3)People's education degrees have significant positive correlations with people's cognition and response levels or capacities.4)The levels and capabilities of the female are inferior to,even significantly inferier to that of the male.5)People's earthquake disaster knowledge and people's earthquake disaster-coping skills both influence deeply how these people respond to an actual earthquake event.Especially,the impact from the latter is much stronger.That is,the people who have some higher cognition degrees usually have more active and reasonable response attitudes and behaviors,and vice versa.6)The official mass media,including radio,television and newspapers,especially those after M_S 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake and the aimed propaganda of local government and other relevant institutions constitute together the two main channels for the local people to obtain earthquake disaster knowledge and to learn earthquake disaster-coping skills.While,the school formal education did not get any advantages as expected.Another point worthy of being emphasized is that,among these knowledge and skills possessed by the people of the studied area in the time of two months after the M_S 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake,a considerable large quantity was obtained right after this large earthquake.These people's earthquake disaster cognition degree before this large earthquake is obviously rather difficult to let us to be optimistic.Based on these conclusions,some suggestions on strengthening the earthquake disaster-reduction education for the studied area were put forward.

Key words: the M_S 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, the social public, earthquake disaster cognition, earthquake disaster response, disaster-reduction education, Deyang city