江苏省泗阳浅层沉积结构的微动H/V谱比法探测

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2022.03.001

地震地质 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 561-577.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2022.03.001

江苏省泗阳浅层沉积结构的微动H/V谱比法探测

彭菲¹⁾(), 王伟君¹⁾^,^*(), 熊仁伟¹⁾, 吕晓健¹⁾, 闫坤²⁾, 孙鑫喆¹⁾, 耿爽¹⁾, 寇华东²⁾

1)中国地震局地震预测研究所, 地震预测重点实验室, 北京 100036
2)中国地震局地球物理研究所, 北京 100081

收稿日期:2021-08-20 修回日期:2021-12-28 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-08-02
通讯作者: 王伟君
作者简介:彭菲, 女, 1981年生, 2008年于中国地震局地震预测研究所获固体地球物理硕士学位, 助理研究员, 现主要研究方向为地震工程、数值模拟等, E-mail: pengfei@ief.ac.cn。
基金资助:
中国地震局地震预测研究所基本科研业务专项(2020IEF0504);中国地震局地震预测研究所基本科研业务专项(2020IEF0602);泗阳县经济开发区地震安全性区域评估及意杨产业科技园国望高科地块地震安全性评价项目(880559);国家自然科学基金(41674058);国家自然科学基金(41790463)

DETECTION OF SHALLOW SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURE IN SIYANG, JIANGSU PROVINCE BY MICROTREMOR H/V SPECTRAL RATIO METHOD

PENG Fei¹⁾(), WANG Wei-jun¹⁾^,^*(), XIONG Ren-wei¹⁾, LÜ Xiao-jian¹⁾, YAN Kun²⁾, SUN Xin-zhe¹⁾, GENG Shuang¹⁾, KOU Hua-dong²⁾

1) Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction, Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China
2) Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2021-08-20 Revised:2021-12-28 Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-08-02
Contact: WANG Wei-jun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

江苏省泗阳地处郯庐地震带内, 存在一定的地震灾害风险。地震场地放大效应是加重地震灾害的重要因素, 与浅层结构密切相关。文中基于217个微动观测的H/V谱比法结果, 研究江苏省泗阳县城的地震场地效应和浅层沉积结构。H/V峰值频率分布结果表明, 泗阳研究区地震场地的共振频率介于0.6~1.8Hz之间, 有明显的起伏变化; 对应的浅层沉积厚度为30~200m, 整体上表现为中部浅、向东西两侧逐渐加深的特征, 其中中部城区浅层沉积厚度为30~70m, 东南角最厚; 浅层沉积在NNE走向有显著的深浅交替条带, 与海泗断裂带的位置和走向基本一致。与区内2条浅层反射地震勘探剖面进行对比发现, 微动方法获得的基岩起伏形态较为可靠。通过微动H/V谱比法得到的沉积结构和场地响应特征, 能够为泗阳地区地震危险性的小区划提供有益参考。

关键词: 江苏省泗阳, 微动H/V谱比法, 浅层沉积结构, 场地响应, 海泗断裂带

Abstract:

Earthquake sources, wave propagation effects and site effects directly affect the structural damage during earthquakes. Among these factors, site effects amplify and prolong the strong vibrations, playing a very important role in many great earthquakes such as the 1985 M8.1 Mexican earthquake, the 2015 M_W7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake and the 2016 M_W7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand, earthquake. Microtremor is a random, natural and permanent complex vibration composed of body waves and surface waves, in which the energy of surface waves accounts for more than 70% of the total energy. Due to the multiple reflection and refraction of the wave, microtremor accumulates information reflecting the inherent characteristics of the soil layer of the site during the propagation process. Microtremor H/V spectral ratio method is an effective way to assess the site effects. Compared to the traditional seismic surveys, the low-cost convenient observation and rapid surface detection are the advantages of this method. Its results can be used as basic data for future earthquake hazard evaluation and urban construction planning.

Siyang in Jiangsu Province is located in Tanlu seismic zone. In the history, there were some large earthquakes on the Tanlu earthquake zone. Among them, the Tancheng M8.5 earthquake is about 110km from our study area, so there is a certain risk of earthquake disaster in this area. It is necessary to analyze the regional site effect and the distribution characteristics of the shallow sedimentary interfaces in detail. Site amplification effect is an important factor to aggravate earthquake hazard, which is closely related to the shallow structure. Based on 217 microtremor observations, we use H/V spectral ratio method to study the seismic site effect and the shallow sedimentary structure of Siyang. The results of H/V peak frequency distribution show that the resonance frequency of seismic site in Siyang study area is between 0.6~1.8Hz with obvious fluctuations. The corresponding shallow sedimentary thickness is between 30m and 200m, which gradually deepens on the east and west sides with a shallow central region. In particular, the central urban area is 30~70m thick and the southeast corner is the thickest. The shallow deposits show an obvious deep and shallow alternating band distribution in the NNE direction, consistent with the location and strike of the Haisi fault zone. The sedimentary structure of the soil layer obtained in this paper is basically the same as the geological structure, which can be verified with the results of the reflection seismic exploration profile. The comparison with two seismic exploration profiles for shallow reflection in the area shows that the bedrock shape obtained by the microtremor H/V spectral ratio method is reliable. Therefore, the sedimentary structure and site effect characteristics obtained by this method can provide useful reference for the microzoning of seismic risk in Siyang.

Key words: Siyang area, microtremor H/V spectral ratio method, shallow sedimentary structure, site effect, Haisi fault zone

中图分类号:

P315.7

彭菲, 王伟君, 熊仁伟, 吕晓健, 闫坤, 孙鑫喆, 耿爽, 寇华东. 江苏省泗阳浅层沉积结构的微动H/V谱比法探测[J]. 地震地质, 2022, 44(3): 561-577.

PENG Fei, WANG Wei-jun, XIONG Ren-wei, LÜ Xiao-jian, YAN Kun, SUN Xin-zhe, GENG Shuang, KOU Hua-dong. DETECTION OF SHALLOW SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURE IN SIYANG, JIANGSU PROVINCE BY MICROTREMOR H/V SPECTRAL RATIO METHOD[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2022, 44(3): 561-577.

图/表 11

图 1 研究区的地理位置、断裂带分布(徐锡伟等, 2016)和历史强震(李善邦, 1960)

Fig. 1 Map of geographical location and hidden faults(after XU Xi-wei et al., 2016), and historical strong earthquake(after LI Shan-bang, 1960).

图 2 研究区的地质构造和微动观测点位图

Fig. 2 Map of geological structure, geographical location, hidden faults and microtremor observations.

图 3 微动测点AS-1、 L-6和Z28的H/V谱比曲线

Fig. 3 H/V curves at stations AS-1, L-6 and Z28.

图 4 研究区内钻孔ZK31、 HZ13-1和PH12岩性柱状图

Fig. 4 Lithological logs of borehole ZK31, HZ13-1 and PH12 in the study area.

图 5 泗阳浅层沉积的厚度与H/V谱比曲线对应的峰值频率关系

Fig. 5 The relationship of shallow sediment thickness and peak frequency in Siyang.

表1 泗阳钻孔数据、相应测点的H/V谱比曲线值和拟合结果统计表

Table 1 Table of borehole data, H/V spectral ratio curve values of corresponding measuring points and fitting results in Siyang

钻孔编号	钻孔类型	孔口高程 /m	沉积层底深度 /m	微动测点	测点高程 /m	峰值频率 /Hz	拟合浅层沉积厚度 /m
ZK31	工程钻孔	13.46	51	AS-1	9	1.512	51.87
HZ13-1	水文地质钻孔	11	105.46	L-6	21	0.841	116.89
PH12	水文地质钻孔	11.96	132.25	Z28	11	0.777	130.58

图 6 研究区场地H/V峰值频率分布图

Fig. 6 Distribution of the site H/V peak frequencies in the study area.

图 7 研究区H/V峰值振幅分布图

Fig. 7 Distribution of the site H/V peak amplitude in the study area.

图 8 利用H/V谱比法获得的研究区三维沉积分布图 a 厚度分布; b 深度分布

Fig. 8 Three-dimensional distribution of sedimentary structures of the study area obtained by the microtremor H/V spectral ratio method.

图 9 由南向北沿2条地震勘探测线方向的微动测点峰值频率、浅层沉积厚度和沉积深度

Fig. 9 From the south to the north, the peak frequency, thickness and depth of shallow sediments are obtained by the microtremor H/V spectral ratio method along 2 shallow seismic exploration profiles. a DZ01; b DZ02

图 10 微动H/V谱比法获得的浅层沉积结果与2条地震勘探测线的对比图 a DZ01; b DZ02。黄色实线为微动H/V谱比法获得的浅层沉积深度, 粉色实线为通过地震勘探测线得到的基岩界面

Fig. 10 Comparison of shallow sedimentary results between microtremor H/V spectral ratio method and two seismic exploration profiles.

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江苏省泗阳浅层沉积结构的微动H/V谱比法探测

DETECTION OF SHALLOW SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURE IN SIYANG, JIANGSU PROVINCE BY MICROTREMOR H/V SPECTRAL RATIO METHOD

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