关键词: 伽师地震, InSAR, 震源机制, 前陆盆地, 南天山

Abstract: A M_S6.4 earthquake occurred on January 19^th, 2020 at Jiashi, Xinjiang, this earthquake is another strong earthquake since the Jiashi M_S6~7 earthquake swarm events from 1997 to 2003, and the epicenter was located near the Kalpin nappe in the western part of southern Tianshan. The Kaplin nappe is located in front of southern Tianshan Mountains, which is a thin skinned thrust belt composed of a series of nearly NE-SW thrust nappes under the strong and sustained regenerative orogeny in the Tianshan area. There are some differences in focal positions and fault parameters given by different institutions, therefore in this paper, high resolution InSAR coseismic deformation fields were obtained based on the ascending and descending tracks of Sentinel-1 SAR images to obtain the focal mechanism. The 30m resolution SRTM DEM data is chosen as the external DEM to eliminate the phases caused by topography, the robust Goldstein filtering is applied for phase smoothing, and the Delaunay minimum cost flow method is used for phase unwrapping. The variation range of interference fringes shows that the east-west span of the earthquake deformation field is about 40km, and that of the north-south direction is about 20km, the displacement results show that the maximum uplift displacement is 5.9cm and the maximum subsidence is 3.7cm along the LOS direction of the ascending data, the maximum uplift displacement is 6.4cm and the maximum subsidence is 2cm along the LOS direction of the descending data. And then the InSAR-derived deformation fields are used to obtain the seismogenic mechanism of this earthquake, and to improve the computational efficiency, the quadtree segmentation method is used to desample the original high-resolution InSAR observations before inversion. The coseismic slip distribution of the causative fault was inversed using a uniform sliding inversion method based on a Bayesian approach, and then the fine slip distribution of the fault plane of Jiashi earthquake was inversed using the distributed slip inversion method based on the constrained least squares. It should be noted that the fault plane is set as the shovel shape according to the geometric relationship between the seismogenic fault parameters inverted by uniform sliding and the exposed position of the Kapling Fault on the surface during the distributed slip inversion. According to the difference between the observed and simulated values, it can be seen that the residual error of the inversion model is small, indicating the reliability of the inversion result. The final result shows that the epicenter is located at 39.9°N, 77.28°E and the strike and dip angle of the seismogenic fault is 276° and 10.7°, respectively, the maximum dip slip and strike slip of fault plane is about 0.29m and 0.03m, respectively, which are located at the depth of about 5km underground. The cumulative coseismic moment is 1.73×10¹⁸N·m from InSAR inversion, which is equal to the moment magnitude of M_W6.1 and the Kalpin Fault is supposed to be the causative fault. Then, regional GPS-derived surface strain rate, tectonic dynamic background, and regional deep and shallow structures were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that the Jiashi M_S6.4 earthquake is a typical thrust event that occurred in the thrust nappe of the southern Tianshan. The 2020 Jiashi event and the 1997—2003 Jiashi M6~7 earthquakes swarm are the results of rupture of many faults with different scales and properties. And these events are all controlled by the thrust nappe of southern Tianshan.

Key words: Jiashi earthquake, InSAR, focal mechanism, foreland basin, southern Tianshan