芦山地震、汶川地震与龙门山地区水汽异常

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2014.03.009

地震地质 ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 658-666.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2014.03.009

芦山地震、汶川地震与龙门山地区水汽异常

邓志辉^1,2, 陈梅花³, 杨竹转², 严兴^1,2, 邓远立¹

1. 广东省地震局, 地震监测与减灾技术重点实验室, 广州 510070;
2. 中国地震局地质研究所, 北京 100029;
3. 浙江师范大学, 浙江金华 321004

收稿日期:2013-06-17 修回日期:2014-08-15 出版日期:2014-09-30 发布日期:2014-09-30
通讯作者: 通信作者：陈梅花，女，副研究员，E-mail：moonchun@126.com
作者简介:邓志辉|男|1962年生|1992年在国家地震局地质研究获得博士学位|研究员|现主要研究方向为地震异常信息挖掘与预测方法研究|电话：020-87766832|E-mail：deng6789@ 163.com。
基金资助:
广东省科技厅、财政厅专项（2013B020200010）、中国地震局地质研究所基本科研业务专项（IGCEA1124）和国家自然科学基金（40841016）共同资助。

WATER VAPOR ANOMALIES RELATED TO THE LUSHAN AND WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKES IN THE LONGMENSHAN MOUNTAINS AREA

DENG Zhi-hui^1,2, CHEN Mei-hua³, YANG Zhu-zhuan², YAN Xing^1,2, DENG Yuan-li¹

1. Key Laboratory of Earthquake Monitoring and Mitigation Technology, Guangdong Earthquake Administration, Guangzhou 510070, China;
2. Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China;
3. Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China

Received:2013-06-17 Revised:2014-08-15 Online:2014-09-30 Published:2014-09-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对龙门山地区水汽动态的分析研究表明，在2013年芦山M_S 7.0地震和2008年汶川M_S 8.0地震前，龙门山地区大气相对湿度异常频次都出现了先逐年下降，然后快速回升的过程；下降时间较长，10a以上，上升时间较短，1～2a；震中位于异常频次相对下降和上升幅度都是最大的中心或邻近区域。在地震孕育中期阶段发生水汽异常趋势变化的原因可能是由于岩层裂隙的张合、地下流体的运动和地热能的变化，影响地面温度和潜热交换的速度所致。在地震孕育的中长期阶段（10a～几a），地壳岩石受压缩变形，孔隙、裂隙不断闭合或减少，由地下释放的热水、热汽减少，潜热交换速度也随之降低，相对湿度异常频次表现为逐年下降的趋势。在地震孕育的中短期阶段，地壳岩石变形进一步加大，可能导致微破裂不断扩展，由地下释放的热水、热汽由减少转为增加，潜热交换速度由降低转为迅速增加，相对湿度异常频度也表现出由逐年下降转为突发的快速上升。

关键词: 芦山地震, 汶川地震, 水汽异常, 龙门山地区

Abstract:

Studies of air relative humidity dynamic process in Longmenshan Mountains area, Sichuan, southwestern China show that, before the 2013 Lushan M_S7.0 earthquake and the 2008 Wenchuan M_S8.0 earthquake, the annual frequency of air relative humidity anomalies appeared to decrease year by year in the initial period, and then increased quickly. The fall time is longer, often more than 10 years, and the rise time is short, about 1～2 years. The epicenters are located in or near the area where the anomaly frequency of air relative humidity declined most and increased more than other regions.
The tendency transition of the annual frequency of air relative humidity anomalies in the middle-term period of earthquake preparation is probably due to the opening and closing of rock fracture, underground fluid movement and geothermal energy release, which cause the change of ground temperature and latent heat exchange rate. In the medium and long-term period of earthquake preparation(10 to several years), the crust rock is under compression deformation, the rock pores and fissures are continuously closed or reduced, the releasing of underground hot water or hot vapor decreases, and the latent heat exchange rate has also decreased, therefore the relative humidity anomaly frequency shows a declining trend. Whereas in the medium and short-term period of the earthquake preparation, as the crustal rock deformation increases further, which may lead to micro fractures expanding, and the underground hot water and hot vapor by releasing will turn from decreasing to increasing, the latent heat exchange rate changes from reducing to rapidly increasing, and the relative humidity anomaly frequency also shows a transition from decreasing year by year to a rapid increase in burst.

Key words: 2013 Lushan M_S7 earthquake, 2008 Wenchuan M_S8 earthquake, water vapor anomaly, Lenmenshan Mountains area

中图分类号:

P315.72

邓志辉, 陈梅花, 杨竹转, 严兴, 邓远立. 芦山地震、汶川地震与龙门山地区水汽异常[J]. 地震地质, 2014, 36(3): 658-666.

DENG Zhi-hui, CHEN Mei-hua, YANG Zhu-zhuan, YAN Xing, DENG Yuan-li. WATER VAPOR ANOMALIES RELATED TO THE LUSHAN AND WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKES IN THE LONGMENSHAN MOUNTAINS AREA[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2014, 36(3): 658-666.

参考文献

陈梅花, 邓志辉, 马晓静. 2011. 强地震前水汽中长期异常变化特征研究
[J]. 地震地质, 33(3): 863-872. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.03.005.
CHEN Mei-hua, DENG Zhi-hui, MA Xiao-jing. 2011. Study on the application of variations of the atmospheric water vapor in long and middle-term earthquake prediction
[J]. Seismology and Geology, 33(3): 863-872(in Chinese).
邓起东等编. 2007. 中国活动构造图(1:400万)
[Z]. 北京: 地震出版社.
DENG Qi-dong, et al.(eds). 2007. Active Tectonics Map of China(1:4000000)
[Z]. Seismological Press, Beijing(in Chinese).
邓志辉, 杨主恩, 孙昭民, 等. 2008. 四川汶川M_S 8.0地震北川-映秀地表破裂的复杂现象
[J]. 科学通报, 53(20): 2509-2513.
DENG Zhi-hui, YANG Zhu-en, SUN Zhao-min, et al. 2008. Complicated phenomena of the Beichuan-Yingxiu surface fracture zone during Wenchuan M_S 8.0 earthquake in Sichuan Province
[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 53(20): 2509-2513(in Chinese).
郭德勇, 韩德馨, 冯志亮. 1998. 围压下构造煤的孔隙度和渗透率特征实验研究
[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 26(4): 31-34.
GUO De-yong, HAN De-xin, FENG Zhi-liang. 1998. Experimental study on the porosity and permeability of disturbed coal under confined pressure
[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration, 26(4): 31-34(in Chinese).
郝锦绮, 冯锐, 周建国, 等. 2002. 岩石破裂过程中电阻率变化机理的探讨
[J]. 地球物理学报, 45(3): 426-434.
HAO Jin-qi, FENG Rui, ZHOU Jian-guo, et al. 2002. Study on the mechanism of resistivity changes during rock cracking
[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 45(3): 426-434(in Chinese).
严研, 邓志辉, 陈梅花. 2008. 基于双温度差分双源模型的遥感方法反演四川汶川地区潜热通量
[J]. 地震地质, 30(4): 1085-1094.
YAN Yan, DENG Zhi-hui, CHEN Mei-hua. 2008. Retrieving the latent heat flux of Wenchuan area of Sichuan Province using a dual temperature-difference method
[J]. Seismology and Geology, 30(4): 1085-1094(in Chinese).
杨竹转. 2004. 地震引起的地下水位变化及其机理初步研究
[D]:
[学位论文]. 北京: 中国地震局地质研究所.
YANG Zhu-zhuan. 2004. Coseismic effects of groundwater level and groundwater temperature and their generating mechanisms
[D]. Master Thesis. Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing(in Chinese).
张培震, 徐锡伟, 闻学泽, 等. 2008. 2008年汶川8.0级地震发震断裂的滑动速率、复发周期和构造成因
[J]. 地球物理学报, 51(4): 1066-1073.
ZHANG Pei-zhen, XU Xi-wei, WEN Xue-ze, et al. 2008. Slip rates and recurrence intervals of the Longmenshan active fault zone and tectonic implications for the mechanism of the May 12 Wenchuan earthquake, 2008, Sichuan, China
[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 51(4): 1066-1073(in Chinese).
赵益洋, 刘善军, 马运涛, 等. 2010. 震前大气水汽异常识别方法与汶川地震分析
[A]. 见: 中国遥感应用协会. 2010年会暨区域遥感发展与产业高层论坛论文集. 南京: 中国遥感应用协会.209-216.
ZHAO Yi-yang, LIU Shan-jun, MA Yun-tao, et al. 2010. Study on water vapor anomaly of Wenchuan earthquake
[A]. China Association of Remote Sensing Application(ed). Proceedings of the 2010 Annual Meeting of China Association and Forum of Remote Sensing Application in Regional Remote Sensing Development, China Association of Remote Sensing Application, Nanjing. 209-216(in Chinese).
Dey S, Sarkar S, Singh R P. 2004. Anomalous changes in column water vapor after Gujarat earthquake
[J]. Advances in Space Research, 33: 274-278.
Duajecka M A, Pulinets S A. 2005. Atmospheric and thermal anomalies observed around the time of strong earthquakes in México
[J]. Atmósfera, 18(4): 235-247.
Pulinets S A, Ouzounov D, Ciraolo L, et al. 2006. Thermal, atmospheric and ionospheric anomalies around the time of the Colima M7.8 earthquake of 21 January 2003
[J]. Ann Geophys, European Geosciences Union, 24: 835-849.
Singh R P, Cervone G, Kafatos M, et al. 2007. Multi-sensor studies of the Sumatra earthquake and tsunami of 26 December 2004
[J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 28(13-14): 2885-2896.
Singh R P, Simon B, Joshi P C. 2001. Estimation of surface latent heat fluxes from IRSP4/ MSMR satellite data
[J]. Proc Indian Acad Sci(Earth Planet Science), 110(3): 231-238.
Vishnu R, Hamza V, Kumar V A, et al. 2012. Abnormal modulation of atmospheric parameters during the tsunami of 2004
[J]. Current Science, 102(11): 1575-1580.

[1]	宋冬梅, 王慧, 单新建, 王斌, 崔建勇. 基于最大切应变的震前GRACE重力异常信息提取方法[J]. 地震地质, 2022, 44(6): 1539-1556.
[2]	王晓山, 万永革. 汶川地震前震中周围地壳应力场及应力方向集中的特征[J]. 地震地质, 2022, 44(2): 363-377.
[3]	郭树松, 祝意青, 徐云马, 刘芳, 赵云峰, 张国庆, 朱辉. 汶川地震前失稳过程的重力场观测证据[J]. 地震地质, 2021, 43(6): 1368-1380.
[4]	兰剑, 陈晓利. 2008年M_S8.0汶川地震诱发滑坡灾害在映秀地区的演化特征[J]. 地震地质, 2020, 42(1): 125-146.
[5]	朱传华, 单新建, 张国宏, 焦中虎, 张迎峰, 李彦川, 乔鑫. 汶川地震热异常与构造应力关联的数值模拟[J]. 地震地质, 2019, 41(6): 1497-1510.
[6]	宋冬梅, 向亮, 单新建, 尹京苑, 王斌, 崔建勇. 基于SVR模型的电离层TEC背景场构建方法[J]. 地震地质, 2019, 41(6): 1511-1528.
[7]	马思远, 许冲, 王涛, 刘甲美. 应用2类Newmark简易模型进行2008年汶川地震滑坡评估[J]. 地震地质, 2019, 41(3): 774-788.
[8]	徐志萍, 王夫运, 姜磊, 赵延娜, 杨利普, 唐淋. 龙门山中南段地壳上地幔三维密度结构[J]. 地震地质, 2019, 41(1): 84-98.
[9]	尹得余, 刘启方, 刘畅, 季鑫洋. 基于近场强震记录和同震位移的汶川地震破裂过程[J]. 地震地质, 2018, 40(3): 698-717.
[10]	赵由佳, 张国宏, 张迎峰, 单新建, 屈春燕. 基于连续-离散单元法的汶川地震动力学二维自发破裂全周期模拟研究[J]. 地震地质, 2018, 40(1): 12-26.
[11]	曾蒂, 陈立春, 陈顺云, 李东雨. 2013年芦山M_S7.0地震前基岩地温变化的再分析[J]. 地震地质, 2017, 39(5): 994-1006.
[12]	刘远征, 马瑾, 马文涛, 姜彤. 探讨水头增量及其变化率对水库诱发地震活动的影响-以紫坪铺水库为例[J]. 地震地质, 2017, 39(3): 437-450.
[13]	畅柳, 杨博, 张风霜, 许明元, 杨国华. 基于GPS和水准数据的2013年芦山7.0级地震震源滑动模型[J]. 地震地质, 2017, 39(3): 561-571.
[14]	白玉柱, 徐锡伟. 由强震动数据分析芦山地震地面运动持时及周期特征[J]. 地震地质, 2017, 39(1): 92-103.
[15]	姚路, 马胜利, 王羽, 何宏林, 陈建业, 杨晓松, 嶋本利彦. 汶川地震断层岩的镜质体反射率——对断层同震摩擦滑动性质的约束[J]. 地震地质, 2016, 38(4): 817-829.

芦山地震、汶川地震与龙门山地区水汽异常

WATER VAPOR ANOMALIES RELATED TO THE LUSHAN AND WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKES IN THE LONGMENSHAN MOUNTAINS AREA

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价