缅甸孟帕亚7.2级地震及其对云南强震活动趋势的意义

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2014.03.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

20世纪云南地区6.7级以上地震具有时空丛集分布特点。在1996年丽江7.0级地震结束云南地区20世纪第Ⅳ强震活跃期后，21世纪强震活跃期首发大震研究成为地震形势跟踪的重点。2011年3月24日，滇、缅交界缅甸境内发生孟帕亚7.2级地震，震中距中缅边界仅80km。该地震的动力及地震带、区归属对云南地区6.7级以上地震活动统计特征及其大震形势研判有重要影响。根据地表破裂及余震的空间展布等证据判断，发震断裂为穿越中缅两国的NE向孟帕亚-勐腊断裂（国外称之为Nam Ma断裂）。事实上，北起云南腾冲、龙陵一带，南至泰、缅、老交界地区，近等间距平行展布一系列包括孟帕亚-勐腊断裂在内的NE向断裂，其中绝大多数在历史上都发生过7级地震，而这些7级地震在空间上又构成了一条非常清晰的NNW向地震密集条带，它同样穿越了滇、缅、泰、老多地。区域大地构造演化、现今地壳运动状态及地震活动特征的综合分析表明，孟帕亚7.2级地震与传统划定的云南地区西南部的地震活动动力同源，构造相连，应归属滇西南地震带上的地震；进而应纳入云南地区6.7级以上地震活动特征的统计研究中。由此认为，缅甸孟帕亚7.2级地震拉开了云南地区21世纪首轮强震活跃期的序幕。

关键词: 云南地区, 强震活跃期, 首发大震, 缅甸孟帕亚地震

Abstract:

The spatiotemporal distribution of earthquake with M≥6.7 has the characteristics of clustering in Yunnan region in the 20^th century. Since the end of 4^th active period of strong earthquake marked by Lijiang M7.0 earthquake in 1996, the study on initial large earthquake of the active period of strong earthquake in 21^th century has been taken as the keystone for the tracking of seismic situation. On 24^th, March, 2011, the Mong Hpayak M7.2 earthquake occurred in Myanmar, about 80km apart from the border between Yunnan, China and Myanmar. The geodynamics and the ascription of seismic zones of the earthquake have very important influence both on the statistic feature and the further analysis of seismicity with M≥6.7 in Yunnan region. According to the data of the distributions of surface ruptures and aftershocks, the seismogenic structure of Mong Hpayak earthquake is the NE-trending Nam Ma Fault which passes through the border between Yunnan and Myanmar. Meanwhile, there are a series of parallel distributed NE-trending active faults including Nam Ma Fault in the region from the northern Tengchong, Longling in Yunnan, to the southern border area among Myanmar, Laos and Thailand, most of these faults are active during Holoscene and had generated earthquakes with M≥7 in history. These M≥7 earthquakes, together with many other smaller earthquakes, form a NNW-direction dense seismic belt across Yunnan, Myanmar, Thailand and Laos. Our comprehensive studies on the regional tectonic evolution, contemporary crust movement state and seismicity have proposed that the Mong Hpayak M7.2 earthquake has the same geodynamic source as that of those earthquakes in southwestern Yunnan region. Moreover, the seismogenic structure of Mong Hpayak M7.2 earthquake connects with those earthquakes in SW Yunnan. Therefore, all the earthquakes mentioned above should be taken as in the same seismic belt and be brought into the statistic analysis of seismicity features in Yunnan region. It implies that the Mong Hpayak M7.2 earthquake is prologue to the active period of strong earthquake in 21^th century in Yunnan region, and the seismic risk level in the region of eastern Red River Fault may be higher than that in the western region according to the statistic study.

Key words: Yunnan region, active period of strong earthquake, initial large earthquake, Mong Hpayak earthquake

中图分类号:

P315.5

皇甫岗, 苏有锦, 张建国. 缅甸孟帕亚7.2级地震及其对云南强震活动趋势的意义[J]. 地震地质, 2014, 36(3): 598-608.

HUANGFU Gang, SU You-jin, ZHANG Jian-guo. THE MONG HPAYAK M7.2 EARTHQUAKE AND THE SIGNIFICANCE FOR THE TENDENCY OF LARGE EARTHQUAKE IN YUNNAN[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2014, 36(3): 598-608.

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