腾冲打鹰山、马鞍山、黑空山熔岩流动方式

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2012.04.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对腾冲打鹰山、马鞍山和黑空山的熔岩流进行详细地质勘察,发现存在3类熔岩流动方式: 管状流动、"底侵"式流动和层状流动。管状流动出现于打鹰山熔岩中。熔岩管道中的温度由核心向表层递减,当表层冷却固结时,管道中的塑性熔岩继续前进,最终由表及里逐渐固结。马鞍山火山熔岩为渣状熔岩 "底侵"结壳熔岩流动。结壳熔岩由表层向底部增生,早期熔岩固结形成结壳熔岩,晚期高温气液混合相的熔岩注入结壳熔岩之下的通道,最终固结形成渣状熔岩。黑空山熔岩为渣状熔岩层状流动。熔岩流顶部自碎形成的渣块在底部塑性致密熔岩的驼动下流动,在火口近源和中源形成顶部和底部都是角砾的渣状熔岩,在熔岩流的远端尽头,形成垂直于熔岩流动方向的条带状隆起。

关键词: 熔岩流动方式, 成因与灾害, 全新世火山, 腾冲

Abstract:

Based on detailed field investigation,three lava flow styles are identified in the Dayingshan,Maanshan and Heikongshan in the volcanic field of Tengchong: pipe flow,inflated flow and laminar flow. Lava flows of Dayingshan are characterized by pipe flow. Heat lost gradually increased from the core to the edge of the flow pipe,resulting in lava consolidating gradually from the surface to the core. Lava of Maanshan is dominated by plane pahoehoe inflated by aa. The lava,in high temperature,was inflated into the lava tunnel as liquid-gas mixing phase,which generated aa. Heikongshan is featured by typical aa lava flow in the proximal phase and middle phase from the vent. The high-temperature plastic lava carried breccias on its top when advancing in a state of laminar flow,forming typical aa lava flow sections with breccias on the top and bottom and dense lava in the middle. In the distal phase,the lava flow formed numerous strip-shaped uplifts of breccias.

Key words: lava flow styles, genesis and hazards, Holocene volcanoes, Tengchong

中图分类号:

P317.3

赵勇伟, 樊祺诚, 李霓, 刘贵, 张柳毅. 腾冲打鹰山、马鞍山、黑空山熔岩流动方式[J]. 地震地质, 2012, (4): 743-754.

ZHAO Yong-wei, FAN Qi-cheng, LI Ni, LIU Gui, ZHANG Liu-yi. LAVA FLOW STYLES IN DAYINGSHAN,MAANSHAN AND HEIKONGSHAN IN TENGCHONG VOLCANIC FIELD[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2012, (4): 743-754.

参考文献

樊祺诚,隋建立,刘若新.2001.五大连池、天池和腾冲火山岩Sr、Nd同位素地球化学特征与岩浆演化［J］.岩石矿物学杂志,20: 233-238.
FAN Qi-cheng,SUI Jian-li,LIU Ruo-xin.2001.Sr-Nd isotopic geochemistry and magmatic evolutions of Wudalianchi volcano,Tianchi volcano and Tengchong volcano ［J］.Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,20: 233-238(in Chinese).
皇甫岗,姜朝松.2000.腾冲火山研究［M］.昆明:云南科技出版社.
HUANGFU Gang,JIANG Chao-song.2000.Study on Tengchong Volcanic Activity ［M］.Yunnan Science and Technology Press,Kunming(in Chinese).
姜朝松.1998a.腾冲地区新生代火山活动分期［J］.地震研究,21(4): 320-329.
JIANG Chao-song.1998a. Period division of volcano activities in the Cenozoic era of Tengchong ［J］.Journal of Seismological Research,21(4): 320-329(in Chinese).
姜朝松.1998b.腾冲新生代火山分布特征［J］.地震研究,21(4): 309-319.
JIANG Chao-song.1998b. Distribution characteristics of Tengchong volcano in the Cenozoic era ［J］.Journal of Seismological Research,21(4): 309-319(in Chinese).
李大明,李齐,陈文寄.2000.腾冲火山区上新世以来的火山活动［J］.岩石学报,16(3): 362-370.
LI Da-ming,LI Qi,CHEN Wen-ji.2000.Volcanic activities in the Tengchong volcano area since Pliocene ［J］.Acta Petrologica Sinica,16(3): 362-370(in Chinese).
梁卓成,周秀云.1985.铀系等时线法测定腾冲地区火山岩的年龄［J］.地球化学,(3): 227-235.
LIANG Zhuo-cheng,ZHOU Xiu-yun.1985.Uranium-series dating of young volcanic rocks from Tengchong region,southwestern China ［J］.Geochimica,(3): 227-235(in Chinese).
刘若新(编).1992.中国新生代火山岩年代学与地球化学［M］.北京:地震出版社.
LIU Ruo-xin(ed).1992.The Age and Geochemistry of Cenozoic Volcanic Rock in China ［M］.Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
穆治国,佟伟,Curtis G H.1987.腾冲火山活动的时代和岩浆来源问题［J］.地球物理学报,30(3): 261-270.
MU Zhi-guo,TONG Wei,Curtis G H.1987.Times of volcanic activity and origin of magma in Tengchong geothermal area,west Yunnan Province ［J］.Acta Geophysica Sinica,30(3): 261-270(in Chinese).
王非,彭子成,陈文寄,等.1999.滕冲地区年轻火山岩高精度热电离质谱(HP-TIMS)铀系法年龄研究［J］.科学通报,(44): 1878-1882.
WANG Fei,PENG Zi-cheng,CHEN Wen-ji,et al.2000.High-precision thermal ionization mass spectrometry dating of young volcanic rocks by using U-series method ［J］.Chinese Science Bulletin,(45): 83-87.
夏明,马志帮,张承蕙.1995.铀系组分法测定年青火山岩年龄的研究［J］.第四纪研究,(4): 343-352.
XIA Ming,MA Zhi-bang,ZHANG Cheng-hui.1995.Studies on the uranium series component dating method for young volcanic rocks ［J］.Quaternary Sciences,(4): 343-352(in Chinese).
赵崇贺,陈廷方.1992.腾冲新生代火山作用构造-岩浆类型的探讨:一种滞后型的弧火山［J］.现代地质,6(2): 119-129.
ZHAO Chong-he,CHEN Ting-fang.1992.A discussion on magma-tectonic type of Cenozoic volcanism from Tengchong area(Yunnan Province): A new type of post-collision arc-volcanism ［J］.Geoscience,6(2): 119-129(in Chinese).
赵勇伟,樊祺诚.2010.腾冲马鞍山、打鹰山、黑空山火山岩浆来源与演化［J］.岩石学报,26(4): 1133-1140.
ZHAO Yong-wei,FAN Qi-cheng.2010.Magma origin and evolution of Maanshan volcano,Dayingshan volcano and Heikongshan volcano in Tengchong area ［J］.Acta Petrologica Sinica,26(4): 1133-1140(in Chinese).
周真恒,向才英,姜朝松.2000.腾冲火山岩稀土和微量元素地球化学研究［J］.地震研究,23(2): 215-230.
ZHOU Zhen-heng,XIANG Cai-ying,JIANG Chao-song.2000.Geochemistry of the rare earth and trace elements in the volcanic rocks in Tengchong,China ［J］.Journal of Seismological Research,23(2): 215-230(in Chinese).
朱炳泉,毛存孝.1983.印度与欧亚板块东部碰撞边界: 腾冲火山岩的Nd-Sr同位素与微量元素研究［J］.地球化学,(1): 1-14.
ZHU Bing-quan,MAO Cun-xiao.1983.Nd-Sr isotope and trace elements study on Tengchong volcanic rocks from the Indo-Eurasian collisional margin ［J］.Geochimica,(1): 1-14(in Chinese).
Crisp J,Baloga S.1990.A model for lava flows with two thermal components ［J］.Journal of Geophysics Research,95: 1255-1270.
Guest J E,Kilburn C R J,Pinkerton H,et al.1987.The evolution of lava flow-fields: Observations of the 1981 and 1983 eruptions of Mount Etna,Sicily ［J］.Bulletin of Volcanology,49: 527-540.
Kilburn C R J.1981.Pahoehoe and aa lavas: A discussion and continuation of the model of Peterson and Tilling ［J］.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,11: 373-382.
Kilburn C R J,Lopes R M C.1988.The growth of aa lava flow fields on Mount Etna,Sicily ［J］.Journal of Geophysics Research,93: 14759-14772.
Kilburn C R J,Lopes R M C.1991.General patterns of flow field growth: Aa and blocky lavas ［J］.Journal of Geophysics Research,96: 19721-19732.
Macdonald G A,Katsura.1964.Chemical composition of Hawaiian lavas ［J］.Journal of Petrology,5: 82-133.
Pieri D C,Baloga S M.1986.Eruption rate,area,and length relationships for some Hawaiian lava flows ［J］.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,30: 29-45.
Self S,Thordarson T,Keszthelyi L,et al.1996.A new model for the emplacement of Columbia River basalts as large,inflated pahoehoe lava flow fields ［J］.Geophysical Research Letters,23: 2689-2692.
Schmincke H U. 2004. Volcanism ［M］. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. P:35-41,209-228.
Wadge G.1978.Effusion rate and the shape of aa lava flow-fields on Mount Etna ［J］.Geology,6: 503-506.
Walker G.1971.Compound and simple lava flows and flood basalts ［J］.Bulletin of Volcanology,35: 579-590.
Walker G P L,Huntingdon A T,Sanders A T,et al.1973.Lengths of lava flows and discussion ［J］.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London-series A: Mathematical and Physical Sciences,274: 107-118.
Walker G P L.1993.Basaltic-volcano systems ［A］.In: Prichard H M,et al.(eds).Magmatic Processes and Plate Tectonics. Geological Society,London,Special Publications,76: 3-38.

[1]	侯正阳, 王成虎, 王璞, 江英豪, 杨汝华. 基于火山口排列调查法的腾冲地区古地应力场反演[J]. 地震地质, 2019, 41(4): 1042-1059.
[2]	龚丽文, 李霓, 樊祺诚, 张柳毅, 曹园园, 陈丽娟. 基于ArcGis建模分析圈定腾冲火山潜在喷发危险区域[J]. 地震地质, 2015, 37(1): 94-109.
[3]	李欣, 刘嘉麒, 孙春青, 杜德道, 王石. 云南腾冲全新世火山源区性质及其岩浆演化[J]. 地震地质, 2014, 36(4): 991-1008.
[4]	陈梅花, 邓志辉, 梁琦珍, 丁留伟, 陶京玲. 腾冲地区潜热通量与周围地区地震活动的相关性[J]. 地震地质, 2014, 36(2): 422-433.
[5]	张柳毅, 李霓, 赵勇伟, 曹园园, 龚丽文. 腾冲火山区地形地貌特征及断裂制约关系——卫片与DEM解译的认识[J]. 地震地质, 2012, (4): 755-767.
[6]	胡亚轩, 王雄. 应用形变和重力资料分析腾冲火山区岩浆的活动特征[J]. 地震地质, 2009, 31(4): 655-663.
[7]	上官志冠, 高清武, 赵慈平. 腾冲热海地区NW向断裂活动性的地球化学证据[J]. 地震地质, 2004, 26(1): 46-51.
[8]	蔡绍平, 刘学军, 叶建庆, 蔡明军. 2002年腾冲火山区微震观测[J]. 地震地质, 2003, 25(s1): 138-146.
[9]	叶建庆, 蔡绍平, 刘学军, 王绍晋, 蔡明军. 腾冲火山地震群的活动特征[J]. 地震地质, 2003, 25(s1): 128-137.
[10]	魏海泉, 白志达, 胡久常, 史兰斌, 张秉良, 徐德斌, 孙谦, 樊祺诚. 琼北全新世火山区火山系统的划分与锥体结构参数研究[J]. 地震地质, 2003, 25(s1): 21-32.
[11]	樊祺诚, 孙谦, 李霓, 尹金辉, 陈洪洲, 高峰, 张锡杰. 镜泊湖全新世火山空降碎屑剖面和喷发历史[J]. 地震地质, 2003, 25(s1): 3-11.