拐折断层黏滑过程的实验研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.01.003

地震地质 ›› 2011, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 26-35.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.01.003

拐折断层黏滑过程的实验研究

郭彦双, 马瑾, 云龙

中国地震局地质研究所, 地震动力学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029

收稿日期:2010-12-12 修回日期:2011-03-11 出版日期:2011-04-29 发布日期:2011-12-18
作者简介:郭彦双,男,1976年出生,2007年毕业于山东大学工程力学专业,获博士学位,主要从事断层扩展与失稳机制等方面的研究工作,电话: 010-62009112,E-mail: guoysh@126.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(40872129)、国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2004CB418405)、国家自然科学青年基金(40802044)和中国博士后科学基金(20070420414)共同资助。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STICK-SLIP PROCESS OF BENDING FAULTS

GUO Yan-shuang, MA Jin, YUN Long

State key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2010-12-12 Revised:2011-03-11 Online:2011-04-29 Published:2011-12-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用位移、应变和声发射等测量手段,研究了预置5°拐折断层的房山花岗岩样品的黏滑过程,分析了不同加载速率下5°拐折断层失稳的黏滑特征及相关物理场的演化过程。实验结果表明: 1)5°拐折断层的黏滑周期与加载速率在数值上呈负对数相关关系; 2)在不同的加载速率下,大多数的5°拐折断层失稳是双震事件, 2次子事件的间隔时间大多在100～200ms之间; 3)采用不同的观测手段,即使采样速率一致,其临震响应也存在差异性,如断层失稳前沿断层的应变测量结果呈现明显的应变弱化,断层位移则未见明显的变化; 4)断层黏滑过程中的声发射事件呈现明显的沿断层迁移的特征。认识强震的发生机理和余震特征需要进一步研究断层失稳过程的动力学信息。

关键词: 拐折断层, 黏滑过程, 双震事件, 物理场

Abstract:

The stick-slip process of pre-cut bending faults with a 5°angle at bending point between the two fault segments is investigated by use of fault displacement measurement,strain tensor analysis and acoustic emission(AE)technique in the laboratory.The dynamic process and corresponding properties of physical evolution are discussed.The experimental results from bending faults show that: 1)A negative relationship was revealed between the logarithms of the stick-slip cycle and the logarithms of loading rate; 2)Under different loading rate,most of instabilities of bending faults are earthquake doublets,and the interval time between the two sub-events are primarily from 100ms to 200ms; 3)For different observational approaches,even if with the same sampling rate,the differences of the coseismic response were observed,such as the significant strain weakening stage indicated by strain measurements,but there was no significant change in fault displacement before fault instability; and 4)AE sources obviously migrated along faults during fault sliding.More dynamic information about fault instability process is needed to know the mechanism of strong earthquakes and the features of aftershocks.

Key words: bending faults, stick-slip process, earthquake doublet, physical field

中图分类号:

P315.8

郭彦双, 马瑾, 云龙. 拐折断层黏滑过程的实验研究[J]. 地震地质, 2011, 33(1): 26-35.

GUO Yan-shuang, MA Jin, YUN Long. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STICK-SLIP PROCESS OF BENDING FAULTS[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2011, 33(1): 26-35.

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[1]	云龙, 郭彦双, 马瑾. 5°拐折断层在黏滑过程中物理场演化与交替活动的实验研究[J]. 地震地质, 2011, 33(2): 356-368.
[2]	马瑾, 马胜利, 刘力强, 刘天昌, 吴秀泉. 交叉断层的交替活动与块体运动的实验研究[J]. 地震地质, 2000, 22(1): 65-73.

拐折断层黏滑过程的实验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STICK-SLIP PROCESS OF BENDING FAULTS

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