Abstract: The Luo 4 drilling is situated south east of the Lop Lake, Xinjiang. Many pollen grains of shrub and herb plant have been found in the sediments from this drilling. They mainly belong to Ephedra sp,, Artemisia sp., Chenopodiaceae and Gramineae.On the basis of the results obtained it is believed that the vegetation from sediments of the Luo 4 drilling is mainly typical of a desert vegetation.The result of sporo-pollen analysis shows that there was a climatic fluctuation during the formation of the sediments in the Luo 4 drilling, of which the lower part (4m below) reflected a cool and dry climate and the upper part (4m above), a temperate and quite dry one.Based on sporo-pollen and ¹⁴C dating, the geological age of the Luo 4 drilling sediments can be inferred to be Late Pleistocene for the lower part and Holocene for the upper part.