微型无人机在2016年11月25日阿克陶MW6.6地震中的应用探索

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2018.03.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2016年11月25日新疆阿克陶发生M_W6.6地震，为了更好地做好野外考察工作，利用微型无人机开展了一系列的工作，以探索其在震后考察中的应用。地表破裂对于地震的研究具有重要的意义，文中选取阿克陶地震的宏观震中地区作为研究区，利用小型旋翼无人机获取具有一定重叠度的可见光遥感图像，基于摄影测量原理获取数字表面模型与数字正射影像，对具有垂直位错的地表破裂进行了识别，并选取6处特征点画出高程剖面线。在高程剖面图中，选取曲线上地表破裂两侧较平稳部分做拟合趋势线，选取落差处稳定的点带入2条直线方程，将差值作为特征点处的垂直位错。得出6处特征点的地表破裂的垂直位错为4.4～10.4cm，并利用高程数据推测了具有垂直位错的疑似地表破裂，为地表破裂的现场调查提供了新的辅助办法。此外，以新疆维吾尔自治区阿克陶县的布伦口乡为例，对外界条件恶劣的布伦口地区进行了DEM的快速获取。通过与RTK实地测量数据比对，对极端条件下微型无人机的数据精度进行了评价，计算得到2组数据的Pearson相关系数为0.996 6，其结果可以很好地满足野外调查需要，最后对本研究中存在的问题进行了讨论分析。

关键词: 阿克陶地震, 微型无人机, 地表破裂, DEM, 垂直位错

Abstract: In order to complete the field investigation to the 25 November 2016 Arketao M_W6.6 earthquake, ultra-low altitude remote-sensing data were obtained from miniature unmanned aerial vehicle. The surface rupture surveying has important significance for earthquake research. This paper selects the macro-epicenter of Arketao as the study area. The pictures were obtained with DJI Phantom 3 professional input into the software, the Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Digital Orthophoto Map (DOM) were acquired based on photogrammetry method using the overlapped optical remote-sensing images of UAV. Using these data, we can identify surface ruptures that have vertical dislocation.
We selected six feature points and drew the elevation profile. In the elevation profile map, we chose smooth part of the surface rupture sides and obtained the trend line. A stable point in the surface rupture was selected and the abscissa of the point was taken into the equation of two straight lines. Then subtracting the results of the two equations, we can get the vertical dislocation of the surface rupture. On this basis, we chose six feature points and determined their vertical dislocation, which are between 4.4cm and 10.4cm. What's more, taking Bulungkou Xiang in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for example, we speculated some surface ruptures that have vertical dislocation. It can provide a new method for identifying surface rupture in the field.
In addition, we get DEM data of the Bulunkou area where ambient conditions are very poor, by using miniature unmanned aerial vehicle and taking 255 photos. Putting those photos into the EasyUAV software, we got the area digital elevation of 2cm resolution. Comparing these data with RTK data, we summarized some practical problems and solutions in the practical operation and evaluated the accuracy of miniature unmanned aerial vehicle data. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient is 0.996 6. In terms of absolute elevation, the average result of UAV and RTK differs by 156.96m. In terms of relative elevation, the average result of UAV and RTK differs by 9.74m. Compared with the previous test of Pishan County, there is a notable divergence in the results. It shows that the data accuracy will be affected to some extent in the cold weather in high elevations. The specific impact needs further exploration.

Key words: Arketao earthquake, miniature unmanned aerial vehicle, surface rupture, DEM, vertical dislocation

中图分类号:

P316

付博, 李志强, 陈杰, 范熙伟, 李晓丽, 李涛, 姚远, 刘耀辉. 微型无人机在2016年11月25日阿克陶M_W6.6地震中的应用探索[J]. 地震地质, 2018, 40(3): 672-684.

FU Bo, LI Zhi-qiang, CHEN Jie, FAN Xi-wei, LI Xiao-li, LI Tao, YAO Yuan, LIU Yao-hui. THE APPLICATION OF MINIATURE UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE IN 25 NOVEMBER 2016 ARKETAO M_W6.6 EARTHQUAKE[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2018, 40(3): 672-684.

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