利用无人机摄影测量技术提取复杂冲积扇面构造活动信息——以新疆巴里坤盆地南缘冲积扇面为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2017.04.013

地震地质 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 793-804.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2017.04.013

利用无人机摄影测量技术提取复杂冲积扇面构造活动信息——以新疆巴里坤盆地南缘冲积扇面为例

高帅坡¹, 冉勇康¹, 吴富峣¹, 徐良鑫^1,2, 王虎¹, 梁明剑^1,3

1 中国地震局地质研究所, 北京 100029;
2 陕西省地震局, 西安 710068;
3 四川省地震局, 成都 610041

收稿日期:2016-07-25 修回日期:2017-05-05 出版日期:2017-08-20 发布日期:2017-09-15
通讯作者: 冉勇康,男,研究员,E-mail:ykran@263.net
作者简介:高帅坡,男,1991年生,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为活动构造,电话:010-62009038,E-mail:gspabc@163.com。
基金资助:
财政部重点项目"全国地震重点监视防御区活动断层地震危险性评价"（1521044025）资助

USING UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY TECHNOLOGY TO EXTRACT INFORMATION OF TECTONIC ACTIVITY OF COMPLEX ALLUVIAL FAN——A CASE STUDY OF AN ALLUVIAL FAN IN THE SOUTHERN MARGIN OF BARKOL BASIN

GAO Shuai-po¹, RAN Yong-kang¹, WU Fu-yao¹, XU Liang-xin^1,2, WANG Hu¹, LIANG Ming-jian^1,3

1 Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China;
2 Earthquake Administration of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710068, China;
3 Earthquake Administration of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China

Received:2016-07-25 Revised:2017-05-05 Online:2017-08-20 Published:2017-09-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由于自然改造的持续，地貌形态复杂，判断发育过程中的冲积扇是否经历过构造作用，一直是活动构造研究中的难点之一。近年来发展起来的无人机航空摄影测量技术在构造地貌数据采集方面有着突出的优势。文中结合野外调查和探槽等相关工作，利用无人机航空摄影测量技术对新疆巴里坤盆地南缘断裂上一处复杂的冲积扇面进行了高精度的DEM和DOM数据采集。针对正在发育的复杂冲积扇面，在对DEM进行地形解析和图像处理的基础上，采取了对扇面进行次级分区、逐个研究、相互佐证的方法，通过在次级分区内建立剖面集进行单独分析和邻近分区对比分析，明确了冲积扇面发育过程中经历的构造作用和2.5m的垂直变形量，显示该技术方法是识别复杂冲积扇残存构造信息并提取相关活动构造参数的有效手段。

关键词: 无人机摄影测量技术, 冲积扇地貌, 巴里坤盆地南缘, 构造活动信息

Abstract: Alluvial fans that are in the process of development always show complex geomorphic features due to natural modification. Accordingly, analyzing these fans whether to be influenced by tectonic deformation is one of the technique difficulties in active tectonic studies. Complex alluvial fans are the focus of the study of active tectonics such as fracture mapping and activity behavior analysis, for they have often retained important structural information. Traditional measurement methods, such as satellite remote sensing, RTK GPS and Lidar, are difficult to meet the demand for the study of micro tectonic deformation because of the reason of accuracy or cost performance. The recent UAV photogrammetry technology, due to its many advantages such as low cost, high resolution, and efficiency of exporting DEM and DOM data, has been widely used in three-dimensional modeling, ground mapping and other fields. In the quantitative study of active tectonics, this technology fills up the deficiency in the research of the micro structure of the traditional measurement. Through detailed field investigations and paleoseismic trenching, we further used this technology to obtain the topographic data of a complex alluvial fan located at the southern marginal fault of Barkol Basin, Xinjiang. Pointing at the alluvial fans that are in the process of development, and on the basis of topographic analysis and image processing for DEM, we take the research method of secondary partitions of the geomorphic surface and cut the alluvial fans longitudinally according to the difference of its age. Through the establishment of profile cluster within each partition, separate analysis and data contrast with the adjacent partitions, we acquired the tectonic activity information during the development of alluvial fan. The tectonic vertical deformation of this alluvial fan is about 2.5m.

Key words: UAV photogrammetry technology, alluvial fan geomorphology, the southern margin of Barkol Basin, information of tectonic activity

中图分类号:

P315.2

高帅坡, 冉勇康, 吴富峣, 徐良鑫, 王虎, 梁明剑. 利用无人机摄影测量技术提取复杂冲积扇面构造活动信息——以新疆巴里坤盆地南缘冲积扇面为例[J]. 地震地质, 2017, 39(4): 793-804.

GAO Shuai-po, RAN Yong-kang, WU Fu-yao, XU Liang-xin, WANG Hu, LIANG Ming-jian. USING UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY TECHNOLOGY TO EXTRACT INFORMATION OF TECTONIC ACTIVITY OF COMPLEX ALLUVIAL FAN——A CASE STUDY OF AN ALLUVIAL FAN IN THE SOUTHERN MARGIN OF BARKOL BASIN[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2017, 39(4): 793-804.

参考文献

李勇, DENSMORE A L, 周荣军, 等. 2006. 青藏高原东缘数字高程剖面及其对晚新生代河流下切深度和下切速率的约束[J]. 第四纪研究, 26(2):236-243. LI Yong, DENSMORE A L, ZHOU Rong-jun, et al. 2006. Profiles of digital elevation models(DEM)crossing the eastern margin of the Tibetan plateau and their constraints on dissection depths and incision rates of late Cenozoic rivers[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 26(2):236-243(in Chinese).
刘静, 陈涛, 张培震, 等. 2013. 机载激光雷达扫描揭示海原断裂带微地貌的精细结构[J]. 科学通报, 58(1):41-45. LIU Jing, CHEN Tao, ZHANG Pei-zhen, et al. 2013. Illuminating the active Haiyuan Fault, China by airborne light detection and ranging[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 58(1):41-45(in Chinese).
田建梅, 李有利, 司苏沛, 等. 2013. 中条山北麓中段洪积扇上全新世断层陡坎的发现及其新构造意义[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 49(6):986-992. TIAN Jian-mei, LI You-li, SI Su-pei, et al. 2013. Discovery and neotectonic significance of fault scarps on alluvial fans in the middle of northern piedmont of the Zhongtiao Mountains[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 49(6):986-992(in Chinese).
魏占玉, RAMON A, 何宏林, 等. 2015. 基于SfM方法的高密度点云数据生成及精度分析[J]. 地震地质, 37(2):636-648. doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2015.02.024. WEI Zhan-yu, RAMON A, HE Hong-lin, et al. 2015. Accuracy analysis of terrain point cloud acquired by "Structure from Motion" using aerial photos[J]. Seismology and Geology, 37(2):636-648(in Chinese).
吴富峣. 2016. 东天山东段几条主要断裂晚第四纪活动证据与变形机制[D]. 北京:中国地震局地质研究所:73. WU Fu-yao. 2016. Late Quaternary activity of several main faults in east section of eastern Tian Shan and its implication on regional deformation mechanism[D]. Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing:73(in Chinese).
吴富峣, 冉勇康, 陈立春, 等. 2016. 东天山3条地震地表破裂带的展布及其与2次历史地震的关系[J]. 地震地质, 38(1):77-90. doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2016.01.006. WU Fu-yao, RAN Yong-kang, CHEN Li-chun, et al. 2016. Distribution of 3 earthquake rupture zones in eastern Tianshan and its relationship with 2 historical earthquakes[J]. Seismology and Geology, 38(1):77-90(in Chinese).
张会平, 刘少峰. 2004. 利用DEM进行地形高程剖面分析的新方法[J]. 地学前缘, 11(3):226. ZHANG Hui-ping, LIU Shao-feng. 2004. A new method of topographic elevation profile analysis using DEM[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 11(3):226(in Chinese).
张会平, 刘少峰, 孙亚平, 等. 2006. 基于SRTM-DEM区域地形起伏的获取及应用[J]. 国土资源遥感, 18(1):31-35. ZHANG Hui-ping, LIU Shao-feng, SUN Ya-ping, et al. 2006. The acquisition of local topographic relief and its application:An SRTM-DEM analysis[J]. Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, 18(1):31-35(in Chinese).
赵尚民, 程维明, 周成虎, 等. 2009. 青藏高原北缘公格尔山地区地形梯度的剖析[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 11(6):753-757. ZHAO Shang-min, CHENG Wei-ming, ZHOU Cheng-hu, et al. 2009. Analysis on the topographic gradient and geographical meaning of Mt. Konggur, in the northern edge of Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J]. Journal of Geo-Information Science, 11(6):753-757(in Chinese).
邹斌文, 马维峰, 龙昱, 等. 2011. 基于ArcGIS的条带剖面提取方法在地貌分析中的应用[J]. 地理与地理信息科学, 27(3):42-44. ZOU Bin-wen, MA Wei-feng, LONG Yu, et al. 2011. Extraction method of swath profile based on ArcGIS and its application in landform analysis[J]. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 27(3):42-44(in Chinese).
Begg J G, Mouslopoulou V. 2010. Analysis of late Holocene faulting within an active rift using LiDAR, Taupo Rift, New Zealand[J]. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 190(1-2):152-167.
Brunori C A, Civico R, Cinti F R, et al. 2013. Characterization of active fault scarps from LiDAR data:A case study from Central Apennines(Italy)[J]. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 27(7):1405-1416.
Johnson K, Nissen E, Saripalli S, et al. 2014. Rapid mapping of ultrafine fault zone topography with structure from motion[J]. Geosphere, 10(5):969-986.
Snavely N, Seitz S M, Szeliski R. 2008. Modeling the world from internet photo collections[J]. International Journal of Computer Vision, 80(2):189-210.
St cker C, Eltner A, Karrasch P. 2015. Measuring gullies by synergetic application of UAV and close range photogrammetry-A case study from Andalusia, Spain[J]. Catena, 132:1-11.
Uysal M, Toprak A S, Polat N. 2015. DEM generation with UAV photogrammetry and accuracy analysis in Sahitler hill[J]. Measurement, 73:539-543.
Zielke O, Arrowsmith J R, Ludwig L G, et al. 2012a. High-resolution topography-derived offsets along the 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake rupture trace, San Andreas Fault[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 102(3):1135-1154.
Zielke O, Arrowsmith J R. 2012b. LaDiCaoz and LiDARimager-MATLAB GUIs for LiDAR data handling and lateral displacement measurement[J]. Geosphere, 8(1):206-221.

利用无人机摄影测量技术提取复杂冲积扇面构造活动信息——以新疆巴里坤盆地南缘冲积扇面为例

USING UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY TECHNOLOGY TO EXTRACT INFORMATION OF TECTONIC ACTIVITY OF COMPLEX ALLUVIAL FAN——A CASE STUDY OF AN ALLUVIAL FAN IN THE SOUTHERN MARGIN OF BARKOL BASIN

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 1

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价