断裂带土壤气高精度氢异常分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2016.02.006

地震地质 ›› 2016, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 303-315.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2016.02.006

断裂带土壤气高精度氢异常分析

范雪芳¹, 张磊², 李自红¹, 陶京岺³

1. 山西省地震局, 太原 030021;
2. 中国地震局地壳应力研究所, 地壳动力学重点实验室, 北京 100085;
3. 中国地震局地质研究所, 北京 100029

收稿日期:2015-07-21 修回日期:2016-04-18 出版日期:2016-06-20 发布日期:2016-08-11
通讯作者: 李自红,男,正研级高级工程师,电话:0351-5610548,E-mail:sxsdzjgcy@163.com
作者简介:范雪芳,女,1963年生,1986年毕业于山西大学化学专业,获学士学位,高级工程师,主要从事地下流体监测预报和研究工作,电话:0351-5610587,E-mail:xuefang63@163.com。
基金资助:
中国地震局地震科技星火计划（XH15006）与2016年度震情跟踪定向工作任务（2016020302）共同资助。

HIGH-ACCURACY ANALYSIS OF SOIL HYDROGEN ANOMALY IN FAULT ZONE

FAN Xue-fang¹, ZHANG Lei², LI Zi-hong¹, TAO Jing-ling³

1. Earthquake Administration of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030021, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Crustal Dynamics, Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100085, China;
3. Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2015-07-21 Revised:2016-04-18 Online:2016-06-20 Published:2016-08-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氢气作为1种灵敏的指标能够指示断裂活动过程。文中基于长期全时段的断裂带土壤气高精度氢观测资料，根据测量值的分布范围对资料的可靠性进行了评价，通过氢浓度映震评估，认为氢浓度与地震活动有一定的对应关系，给出了异常判定指标。并结合氢浓度异常特征对测点周围350km范围内的有感地震进行了分析，重点分析了2010年10月24日和2011年3月8日在河南太康分别发生M_S4.6和M_S4.1地震前1周左右震中距330km的山西夏县土壤高精度氢浓度观测到的相似异常变化，其变化特征表现为“突升-转折下降-地震-恢复背景值”，变化幅度达正常背景值的20多倍。认为断层氢浓度异常变化与地震所处的构造位置有关，在同一地点发生的2次相似地震，断层氢浓度出现相似变化，异常重现性好。高精度断层氢浓度观测是短临预报的1种有效手段，可为地震重点危险区开展短临跟踪研究提供参考。

关键词: 断层氢气, 地震前兆, 异常特征, 映震效能, 重现性

Abstract:

Hydrogen is recognized as one of the most useful gases to detect fault activities. Based on long-term high-accuracy soil hydrogen observation data in fault zones, the paper evaluates the reliability of data according to the distribution of measurements. Through the evaluation of earthquake-reflecting ability of hydrogen concentration, we consider that there is a certain corresponding relationship between hydrogen concentration and seismic activity and we present the judging index for this anomaly. Hydrogen concentration characteristics with the earthquakes within the range of 350km around the station were analyzed, especially the two earthquakes, which occurred on October 24, 2010 and March 8, 2011 in Taikang, Henan Province, with magnitude M_S4.6 and M_S4.1 respectively. The observation station is located at Xiaxian in Shanxi Province, 300km away from the epicenter. In a week before the two earthquakes, high-accuracy soil hydrogen concentration measurements showed similar anomaly variation, which was increasing abruptly, then decreasing, and after the earthquakes it returned to background level. Overall, the changing scope was more than 20 times of the background value. We concluded that the anomaly was affected by tectonic setting of the earthquakes. The similar hydrogen distribution pattern recorded at the same station is attributed to the same tectonic position and focal mechanism solution. The hydrogen could be an effective tool for short-term and imminent earthquake prediction, which provides reference for short-term and imminent earthquake prediction in areas with high earthquake risk.

Key words: hydrogen, earthquake precursor, anomaly characteristics, earthquake-reflecting ability, reproducibility

中图分类号:

P315.72^＋4

范雪芳, 张磊, 李自红, 陶京岺. 断裂带土壤气高精度氢异常分析[J]. 地震地质, 2016, 38(2): 303-315.

FAN Xue-fang, ZHANG Lei, LI Zi-hong, TAO Jing-ling. HIGH-ACCURACY ANALYSIS OF SOIL HYDROGEN ANOMALY IN FAULT ZONE[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2016, 38(2): 303-315.

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断裂带土壤气高精度氢异常分析

HIGH-ACCURACY ANALYSIS OF SOIL HYDROGEN ANOMALY IN FAULT ZONE

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