共轭断层系统的非线性有限元模拟与震群模型讨论

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2015.02.021

地震地质 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 598-612.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2015.02.021

共轭断层系统的非线性有限元模拟与震群模型讨论

郭婷婷^1,2,3, 徐锡伟³, 邢会林⁴, 于贵华³

1. 山东省工程地震研究中心, 济南 250021;
2. 山东省地震局, 济南 250014;
3. 中国地震局地质研究所, 活动构造与火山重点实验室, 北京 100029 ;
4. Earth Systems Science Computational Centre(ESSCC), University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia

收稿日期:2014-11-14 修回日期:2015-04-27 出版日期:2015-06-20 发布日期:2015-08-19
通讯作者: 徐锡伟,研究员,主要从事活动构造学及其在减轻地震灾害中的应用研究,E-mail:xiweixu@vip.sina.com
作者简介:郭婷婷,女,1979年生,2013年于中国地震局地质研究所获构造地质学博士学位,副研究员,主要从事岩土工程与构造应力分析研究,电话:0531-88556102,E-mail:gtt.yy@163.com。
基金资助:
山东省自然科学基金(ZR2014DQ022)、国家自然科学基金(91214201)和山东省地震局科研基金(JJ1303)共同资助。

NONLINEAR FINITE-ELEMENT SIMULATION OF CONJUGATE FAULTS SYSTEM AND ASSOCIATED EARTHQUAKE SWARM

GUO Ting-ting^1,2,3, XU Xi-wei³, XING Hui-lin⁴, Yu Gui-hua³

1. Shandong Institute of Earthquake Engineering, Jinan 250021, China;
2. Earthquake Administration of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Volcano, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China;
4. Earth Systems Science Computational Centre ESSCC, the University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia

Received:2014-11-14 Revised:2015-04-27 Online:2015-06-20 Published:2015-08-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用断层摩擦接触的非线性有限元模拟方法, 对单断层与交叉断层2种断层模型分别进行数值模拟计算对比, 结合中国大陆双震或震群型地震孕育发生的构造条件对共轭断层系统的孕震与发震机理进行了讨论与分析。断面滑动摩擦机制较好地解释了共轭断层由闭锁状态进入发生地震的滑动状态的过程, 共轭断层系统会交替地发生失稳事件, 验证了2组共轭断层系统构成的地震模型的滑动习性。其数值模拟与讨论分析结果可为共轭断层发育区的地震监测预报提供科学依据。

关键词: 共轭断层系统, 地震构造模型, 摩擦接触, 非线性有限元模拟

Abstract:

In this paper, adopting nonlinear finite-element method for faults with frictional contact, single fault and conjugate faults are calculated and compared respectively. And conjugate faults system is analyzed about its structural significance, combined with preparation and occurrence of strong earthquakes in the capital circle region. Study shows that seismogenic process of typical conjugated fault system from lock to unlock is well explained by Coulomb friction criteria, and unstable events can take place alternately along conjugate faults. The slip behavior of seismogenic tectonic model of great earthquake composed of two conjugate faults is verified. The numerical simulation as well as the analysis and discussion on the results provide scientific basis for earthquake forecasting and monitoring in areas where conjugate faults have developed.

Key words: conjugate faults system, seismotectonic model, frictional contact, nonlinear finite-element simulation

中图分类号:

P315.8

郭婷婷, 徐锡伟, 邢会林, 于贵华. 共轭断层系统的非线性有限元模拟与震群模型讨论[J]. 地震地质, 2015, 37(2): 598-612.

GUO Ting-ting, XU Xi-wei, XING Hui-lin, Yu Gui-hua. NONLINEAR FINITE-ELEMENT SIMULATION OF CONJUGATE FAULTS SYSTEM AND ASSOCIATED EARTHQUAKE SWARM[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2015, 37(2): 598-612.

参考文献

陈连旺, 陆远忠, 张杰, 等. 1999. 华北地区三维构造应力场【J】. 地震学报, 21(2): 140—149.
CHEN Lian-wang, LU Yuan-zhong, ZHANG Jie, et al. 1999. Three-dimensional tectonic stress field in North China 【J】. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 21(2): 140—149(in Chinese).
崔效锋, 谢富仁, 赵建涛. 2005. 中国及邻区震源机制解的分区特征【J】.地震地质, 27(2): 298—307.
CUI Xiao-feng, XIE Fu-ren, ZHAO Jian-tao. 2005. The regional characteristics of focal mechanism solutions in China and its adjacent areas 【J】. Seismology and Geology, 27(2): 298—307(in Chinese).
邓起东, 王挺梅, 李建国, 等. 1976. 关于海城地震震源模式的讨论【J】. 地质科学, (3): 195—204.
DENG Qi-dong, WANG Ting-mei, LI Jian-guo, et al. 1976. Discussion of the Haicheng earthquake source model 【J】. Geological Science, (3): 195—204(in Chinese).
国家地震局《一九七六年唐山地震》编辑组. 1982. 一九七六年唐山地震【M】. 北京: 地震出版社.
The Editoral Team of "The Tangshan Earthquake in 1976" of State Seismological Bureau. 1982. The Tangshan Earthquake in 1976 【M】. Seismological Press, Beijing(in Chinese).
李钦祖, 靳雅敏, 于新昌. 1982. 华北地区的震源机制与地壳应力场【J】. 地震学报, 4(1): 55—61.
LI Qin-zu, JIN Ya-min, YU Xin-chang. 1982. Focal mechanisms and crustal stress field in North China 【J】. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 4(1): 55—61(in Chinese).
马瑾. 1999. 从断层中心论向块体中心论转变【J】. 地学前缘, 6(4): 363—370.
MA Jin. 1999. Changing viewpoint from fault to block 【J】. Earth Science Frontiers, 6(4): 363—370(in Chinese).
马瑾. 2009. 断块大地构造与地震活动的构造物理研究【J】. 地质科学, 44(4): 1071—1082.
MA Jin. 2009. Tectonophysical research on fault-block tectonics and earthquakes 【J】. Chinese J Geol, 44(4): 1071—1082(in Chinese).
马瑾, 马胜利, 刘力强, 等. 2000. 交叉断层的交替活动与块体运动的实验研究【J】.地震地质, 22(1): 65—73.
MA Jin, MA Sheng-li, LIU Li-qiang, et al. 2000. Experimental study on alternate slip of intersecting faults and block movement 【J】. Seismology and Geology, 22(1): 65—73(in Chinese).
马胜利, 刘力强, 马瑾, 等. 2003. 基于实验结果讨论断层破裂与强震物理过程的若干问题【J】. 地学前缘, 10: 225—232.
MA Sheng-li, LIU Li-qiang, MA Jin, et al. 2003. A discussion on related issues of physical process of faulting and strong earthquake based on experimental results 【J】. Earth Science Frontiers, 10: 225—232(in Chinese).
马文涛, 徐锡伟, 于贵华, 等. 2004. 首都圈地区的地震活动性与断裂的关系【J】. 地震地质, 26(2): 293—304.
MA Wen-tao, XU Xi-wei, YU Gui-hua, et al. 2004. The relationship between seismic activity and fault activity in Bejing region 【J】. Seismology and Geology, 26(2): 293—304(in Chinese).
王仁, 何国琦, 殷有泉, 等. 1980. 华北地区地震迁移规律的数学模拟【J】. 地震学报, 2(1): 32—42.
WANG Ren, HE Guo-qi, YIN You-quan, et al. 1980. A mathematical simulation for the pattern of seismic transference in North China 【J】. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 2(1): 32—42(in Chinese).
王仁, 孙荀英, 蔡永恩. 1982. 华北地区近700年地震序列的数学模拟【J】. 中国科学(B 辑), 8:745—753.
WANG Ren, SUN Xun-ying, CAI Yong-en. 1982. A mathematical simulation of earthquake sequence in North China in the last 700 years 【J】. Science in China(Ser B), 26: 103—112.
汪素云, 陈培善. 1980. 中国及邻区现代构造应力场的数值模拟【J】. 地球物理学报, 23(1): 35—45.
WANG Su-yun, CHEN Pei-shan. 1980. Simulation of tectonic stress field in the Chinese continent and adjacent areas 【J】. Chinese J Geophys, 23(1): 35—45(in Chinese).
王未来, 吴建平, 房立华, 等. 2014. 2014年云南鲁甸M_S6.5地震序列的双差定位【J】.地球物理学报, 57(9): 3042—3051.
WANG Wei-lai, WU Jian-ping, FANG Li-hua, et al. 2014. Double difference location of the Ludian M_S6.5 earthquake sequences in Yunnan Province in 2014 【J】. Chinese J Geophys, 57(9): 3042—3051(in Chinese).
闻学泽, 马胜利. 2006. 唐山大地震对相邻断层段地震复发的影响【J】. 自然科学进展, 16(10): 1346—1350.
WEN Xue-ze, MA Sheng-li. 2006. Influence of the Tangshan earthquake on earthquake recurrence of neighbouring fault segment 【J】. Progress in Natural Sciences, 16(10): 1346—1350(in Chinese).
向宏发, 方仲景, 徐杰, 等. 1988. 三河-平谷8级地震区的构造背景与大震重复性研究【J】.地震地质, 10(1): 15—28.
XIANG Hong-fa, FANG Zhong-jing, XU Jie, et al.1988.Study on the seismo-tectonics and earthquake recurrence of the Sanhe-Pinggu M8 earthquake 【J】. Seismology and Geology, 10(1): 15—28(in Chinese).
徐锡伟, 江国焰, 于贵华, 等. 2014. 鲁甸 6.5级地震发震断层判定及其构造属性讨论【J】. 地球物理学报, 57(9): 3060—3068.
XU Xi-wei, JIANG Guo-yan, YU Gui-hua, et al. 2014. Discussion on seismogenic fault of the Ludian M_S6.5 earthquake and its tectonic attribution 【J】. Chinese J Geophys, 57(9): 3060—3068(in Chinese).
徐锡伟, 吴卫民, 张先康, 等. 2002. 首都圈地区地壳最新构造变动与地震【M】. 北京: 科学出版社.
XU Xi-wei, WU Wei-min, ZHANG Xian-kang, et al. 2002. The Latest Tectonic Movement and Earthquakes in Capital Area 【M】. Science Press, Beijing(in Chinese).
徐锡伟, 于贵华, 王峰, 等. 2000. 1966年邢台地震群的发震构造模型: 新生断层形成?现存活断层摩擦粘滑? 【J】. 中国地震, 16(4): 364—378.
XU Xi-wei, YU Gui-hua, WANG Feng, et al. 2000. Seismogenic model for the 1966 Xingtai earthquakes-Nucleation of new-born fault or strike-slip of pre-existing fault? 【J】. Earth Res in China, 16(4): 364—378(in Chinese).
许忠淮, 汪素云, 黄雨蕊, 等. 1989. 由大量的地震资料推断的中国大陆构造应力场【J】. 地球物理学报, 32(6): 636—647.
XU Zhong-huai, WANG Su-yun, HUANG Yu-rui, et al.1989.The tectonic stress field of Chinese continent deduced from a great number of earthquakes 【J】. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 32(6): 636—647(in Chinese).
姚琪,徐锡伟,邢会林,等. 2012a. 青藏高原东缘变形机制的讨论: 来自数值模拟结果的限定【J】. 地球物理学报, 55(3):863—874.
YAO Qi, XU Xi-wei, XING Hui-lin, et al. 2012a. Deformation mechanism of the eastern Tibetan plateau: Insights from numerical models 【J】. Chinese J Geophys, 55(3):863—874(in Chinese).
姚琪,邢会林,徐锡伟,等. 2012b. 断裂两盘岩性差异对汶川地震的影响【J】. 地球物理学报, 55(11):3634—3647.
YAO Qi, XING Hui-lin, XU Xi-wei, et al. 2012b. Influence of lithologic differences on either walls of the fault on the Wenchuan earthquake 【J】. Chinese J Geophys, 55(11):3634—3647(in Chinese).
俞维贤, 周瑞琦, 侯雪莹, 等. 1994. 澜沧-耿马地震的成因机制【J】. 地震学报, 16(2): 160—166.
YU Wei-xian, ZHOU Rui-qi, HOU Xue-ying, et al. 1994. Formation mechanism of the Lancang-Gengma earthquake 【J】. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 16(2): 160—166(in Chinese).
张诚, 曹新玲, 曲克信, 等. 1990. 中国地震震源机制【M】. 北京: 学术书刊出版社.
ZHANG Cheng, CAO Xin-ling, QU Ke-xin, et al.1990.Focal Mechanism of Earthquakes in China 【M】. Academic Books and Periodicals Press, Beijing(in Chinese).
张四昌. 1991. 中国大陆共轭地震构造研究【J】. 中国地震, 7(2): 69—76.
ZHANG Si-chang. 1991. Studies of conjugate seismotectonics of the continental earthquakes in China 【J】. Earthquake Research in China, 7(2): 69—76(in Chinese).
周仕勇. 2008. 川西及邻近地区地震活动性模拟和断层间相互作用研究【J】. 地球物理学报, 51(1): 165—174.
ZHOU Shi-yong. 2008. Seismicity simulation in western Sichuan of China based on the fault interactions and its implication on the estimation of the regional earthquake risk 【J】. Chinese J Geophys, 51(1): 165—174(in Chinese).
朱守彪, 石耀霖. 2004. 用遗传有限单元法反演川滇下地壳流动对上地壳的拖曳作用【J】. 地球物理学报, 47(2): 232—239.
ZHU Shou-biao, SHI Yao-lin. 2004. Genetic algorithm-finite element inversion of drag forces exerted by the lower crust on the upper crust in the Sichuan-Yunnan area 【J】. Chinese J Geophys, 47(2): 232—239(in Chinese).
朱守彪, 邢会林, 谢福仁, 等. 2008. 地震发生过程的有限单元法模拟: 以苏门答腊俯冲带上的大地震为例【J】. 地球物理学报, 51(2): 460—468.
ZHU Shou-biao, XING Hui-lin, XIE Fu-ren, et al. 2008. Simulation of earthquake processes by finite element method: The case of megathrust earthquakes on the Sumatra subduction zone 【J】. Chinese J Geophys, 51(2): 460—468(in Chinese).
Brace W F, Byerlee J D. 1966. Stick-slip as a mechanism for earthquakes 【J】. Science, 153: 990—992.
CAI Y, HE T, WANG R. 2000. Numerical simulation of dynamic process of the Tangshan earthquake by a new method-LDDA 【J】. Pure Appl Geophys, 157: 2083—2104.
Dieterich J H. 1979. Modeling of rock friction: 1.Experimental results and constitutive equations 【J】. J Geophys Res, 84: 2161—2168.
Hudnut K, Seeber L, Rockwell T, et al. 1989. Surface ruptures on cross-faults in the 24 November 1987 Superstition Hills, California, earthquake sequence 【J】. Bull Seism Soci Amer, 79(2): 282—296.
Jones L M, Han W, Hauksson E, et al. 1984. Focal mechanism and aftershock locations of the Songpan earthquakes of August 1976 in Sichuan, China 【J】. J Geophy Res, 89(B9): 7697—7707.
Jungels P H, Frazier G A. 1973. Finite element analysis of the residual displacement for an earthquake rupture: Source parameters for the San Fernado earthquake 【J】. J Geophys Res, 78: 5062—5083.
Melosh H J, William C A. 1989. Mechanics of graben formation in crustal rock: A finite element analysis 【J】. J Geophys Res, 94(B10): 13961—13972.
Ruina A L. 1983. Slip instability and state variable friction laws 【J】. J Geophys Res, 88: 10359—10370.
Scholz C H. 1998. Earthquakes and friction laws 【J】. Nature, 391: 37—42.
Scholz C H. 1990. The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting 【M】. Cambridge University Press.
Xing H L, Akitake Makinouchi. 2002. Finite element analysis of a sandwich friction experiment model of rocks 【J】. Pure Appl Geophys, 159: 1985—2009.
Xing H L, Mora P. 2006. Construction of an intraplate fault system model of South Australia, and simulation tool for the iSERVO institute seed project 【J】. Pure Appl Geophys, 163: 2297—2316.

共轭断层系统的非线性有限元模拟与震群模型讨论

NONLINEAR FINITE-ELEMENT SIMULATION OF CONJUGATE FAULTS SYSTEM AND ASSOCIATED EARTHQUAKE SWARM

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 1

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价