基于地面LIDAR玉树地震地表破裂的三维建模分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2012.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

2010年4月14日的玉树M_S 7.1地震造成沿甘孜-玉树断裂的一系列NW向地表破裂。利用Trimble GX 3D地面激光三维扫描仪获取了玉树地震断裂SE段禅古寺附近的典型地震地表破裂的精细点云数据。在对点云数据进行校正、分割、滤波等预处理基础上,分析了地震地表破裂不同表面建模方式的原理和方法,选取了无投影的不规则三角网建模方式对该处地表破裂进行三维建模实验,结合精配准高清晰现场纹理照片,制作了地震地表破裂的三维图像;并从模型的多个角度选取剖面进行地震地表破裂精细三维量测分析,得到该处地表破裂的平均垂直位移为74cm,水平位移为10cm。在此基础上进一步分析了玉树地震断裂的性质及其破裂特点。

关键词: 玉树地震, 地面三维激光扫描(LIDAR), 地震地表破裂, 建模

Abstract:

Yushu M_S 7.1 earthquake, occurring on April 14,2010, has caused a series of co-seismic surface ruptures. The surface deformation and ruptures caused by earthquake can easily be changed due to natural environment changes and from human activities. Moreover, the complex topography and severe natural environment in the Tibet Plateau make it difficult to acquire original features of surface rupture wholly via traditional surveying methods. However, as a new type of remote sensing technique, due to its characteristics of non-touching, high-resolution, rapid acquisition, terrestrial LIDAR technique can obtain the 3D information of surface rupture quickly and effectively, and provide the comprehensive scientific data for the further quantitative analysis. This paper introduces the characteristic of terrestrial laser scanner-Trimble GX 3D, and based on which the finite point clouds of the typical co-seismic surface rupture located on the southeast segment of Ganzi-Yushu Fault zone near Changu Temple were acquired. Based on the point cloud data prepossessing of registration, segmentation, smoothing and so on, the different principles and methods for surface modelling of co-seismic surface rupture were analysed, and the modelling experiment was conducted on surface rupture. After that, combining with the high resolution texture photos obtained on site, which had been precisely matched with point cloud data, the surface rupture 3D model was created based on the non projection mode. Also, the profiles from different perspectives were chosen to measure and analyse the displacement of the rupture exactly in the 3D view. The result shows that the average vertical displacement is about 74cm and the average left-lateral strike-slip displacement is about 10cm. Finally, the characteristics of Ganzi-Yushu Fault and characteristic of its rupture were analyzed and discussed.

Key words: Yushu earthquake, terrestrial LIDAR, surface rupture, 3D modelling

中图分类号:

P316

袁小祥, 王晓青, 窦爱霞, 董彦芳, 王龙, 金鼎坚. 基于地面LIDAR玉树地震地表破裂的三维建模分析[J]. 地震地质, 2012, 34(1): 39-46.

YUAN Xiao-xiang, WANG Xiao-qing, DOU Ai-xia, DONG Yan-fang, WANG Long, JIN Ding-jian. TERRESTRIAL LIDAR-BASED 3D MODELING ANALYSIS OF SURFACE RUPTURE CAUSED BY YUSHU EARTHUAKE[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2012, 34(1): 39-46.

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