小型拉分盆地的生长与走滑断层的位移速率——以青藏高原东南缘则木河断裂带为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.04.007

地震地质 ›› 2011, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 818-827.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.04.007

小型拉分盆地的生长与走滑断层的位移速率——以青藏高原东南缘则木河断裂带为例

王虎, 冉勇康, 李彦宝

中国地震局地质研究所, 国家地震活动断层研究中心, 北京 100029

收稿日期:2011-10-10 修回日期:2011-11-09 出版日期:2011-12-30 发布日期:2012-01-12
通讯作者: 冉勇康,研究员,电话: 010-62009213,E-mail: ykran@263.net
作者简介:王虎,男,1983年生,2007年毕业于中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院地质学理科基地班,2007年至今在中国地震局地质研究所攻读博士学位,研究方向为活动构造,电话: 010-62009127,E-mail: wanghu9905@126.com。
基金资助:
地震行业科研专项(200808016)资助。

GROWTH OF A SMALL PULL-APART BASIN AND SLIP RATE OF STRIKE-SLIP FAULT: WITH THE EXAMPLE OF ZEMUHE FAULT ON THE SOUTHEASTERN MARGIN OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU

WANG Hu, RAN Yong-kang, LI Yan-bao

National Center of Active Fault Studies, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2011-10-10 Revised:2011-11-09 Online:2011-12-30 Published:2012-01-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

活动断层滑动速率可以用来定量比较不同断裂带或同一断裂带不同时段的活动性,同时还是地震危险性评价的重要参数,合理评估活动断层的滑动速率主要受限于两个参数的可靠性,即断层的累积位移量和相应的活动时间。传统上较理想的用于评估走滑断层滑动速率的地貌体一般为阶地、冲洪积扇、冲沟等的位错测量和相应活动累积时间的确定,文中则尝试通过青藏高原东南缘则木河断裂带大箐梁子段三维组合探槽揭示的小型三角状拉分盆地的生长模式来约束断层的水平位移速率,基于野外详细的调查、拉分盆地底部¹⁴C测年以及实时差分GPS精确测量,约束了则木河断裂带全新世以来的断层平均左旋滑动速率为(2.4±0.2)～3.6mm/a,这比前人给出的滑动速率偏小,但却与古地震资料及GPS观测结果吻合得较好。

关键词: 则木河断裂带, 左旋位移速率, 探槽, 三角状拉分盆地

Abstract:

Slip rate of active faults is deterministic to compare active earthquake behaviors among different faults or different segments along a fault,and also it is a key parameter for seismic hazard assessment.Geologically reliable estimation on slip rate is subject to two active tectonic parameters,the cumulative displacement produced by multiple surface-rupturing seismic events and the corresponding true ages, respectively.Generally, for strike-slip faults,we carefully measure geomorphic expressions,such as deformation or offset produced by multiple faulting on river terrace,alluvial-fluvial fans or gullies,and then integrate geochronological constraint from dating on these geomorphic expressions.Based on the above two crucial parameters,we further determine slip rates along faults.However,this paper is attempted to use another deformation of geomorphic expression,a growth model for a small triangular pull-apart basin(sag pond),to constrain fault slip rate at the Daqingliangzi section of Zemuhe Fault on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Based on several three-dimension trench excavations,reliable radiocarbon dating at the bottom of stratigraphic unit in the triangular pull-apart basin(sag pond),detailed field investigation along the Daqingliangzi section of Zemuhe Fault and accurate RTK(GPS)survey,we suggest that Holocene average left-lateral slip rate of the Zemuhe Fault is constrained between 2.4±0.2mm/a and 3.6mm/a,which is a little smaller than those estimated by other geoscientists,however this strike-slip rate is much more accordant with paleoseismic recurrence behaviors and present velocity field obtained from GPS measurement across the Zemuhe Fault.

Key words: the Zemuhe Fault, left-lateral slip rate, trench, triangular pull-apart basin

中图分类号:

P315.2

王虎, 冉勇康, 李彦宝. 小型拉分盆地的生长与走滑断层的位移速率——以青藏高原东南缘则木河断裂带为例[J]. 地震地质, 2011, 33(4): 818-827.

WANG Hu, RAN Yong-kang, LI Yan-bao. GROWTH OF A SMALL PULL-APART BASIN AND SLIP RATE OF STRIKE-SLIP FAULT: WITH THE EXAMPLE OF ZEMUHE FAULT ON THE SOUTHEASTERN MARGIN OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2011, 33(4): 818-827.

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小型拉分盆地的生长与走滑断层的位移速率——以青藏高原东南缘则木河断裂带为例

GROWTH OF A SMALL PULL-APART BASIN AND SLIP RATE OF STRIKE-SLIP FAULT: WITH THE EXAMPLE OF ZEMUHE FAULT ON THE SOUTHEASTERN MARGIN OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU

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