关键词: 活动构造, 速率, 原地宇宙成因核素年代学

Abstract: Active tectonics studies focus on the active faults,active folds,active basins and the crustal and lithosphere blocks confined by the above-mentioned active structures.Tectonic deformation style,magnitude,and corresponding rate determined by active tectonic studies are fundamental for testing and constructing some kinematic and kinetic models.And these rates are necessary boundary conditions for testing and proposing the kinematic and kinetic models.Therefore,active tectonic rates must be quantified for better understanding and interpreting the above key models.Terrestrial in situ cosmogenic nuclides(TCNs)dating techniques have been discovered and developed for decades following the AMS emergence.And then they were widely utilized for geological issues,especially for the geomorphic processes and active tectonics.Production rates of cosmogenic nuclides can change spatially and temporally,therefore,they must be corrected before being applied and interpreted.During the field investigation,the influences such as sample depth,height,latitude and shielding features,intermittent covering and sample location shifting,should be carefully and impersonally considered because of their necessity for applying the results.Based on the samples and detailed field investigation,slip rates of the active faults,river incision rates within active domain,paleoearthquake events and active volcanic eruption events can be constrained by TCNs dating.Active fault slip rate is widely utilized for paleoearthquake research and earthquake prediction,and many classic models for plateau uplift and evolution were conceived based on distribution features and slip rates of active faults.While the river incision processes within active orogen are becoming key issues for studying tectonic and fluvial geomorphology.The incision process and its rate are one of the new insights for understanding the tectonic uplift and climatic change processes.Paleoearthquake and historical earthquake studies can provide the parameters for earthquake recurrence interval,and for consequent earthquake prediction and mitigating earthquake disasters.Besides the above active rates,the volcanic eruption events during the Quaternary can help us know the relative tectonic activities,crustal and mantle geochemistry process and landscape evolution history.After briefly introducing the basic theory of TCNs,the present paper will generalize recent results and data by TCNs dating in active tectonic studies,and then put its emphasis on the procedure and consequent interpretation for these active tectonic rates.

Key words: Active tectonics, Rate, Terrestrial in situ cosmogenic nuclides