关键词: 地震应急, 宏观分区, 初步研究, 区域差异, 地域针对性

Abstract: The factors,that have impacts on earthquake emergency response (EER) in a region,mainly involve the following three aspects,the seismic activities,the physical geographic environments and the social-economic conditions. In different regions,the overall seismic activity levels and features at various time scales are the basic reference for constructing the EER system at ordinary times and making emergency response preparedness when earthquake is impending. The physical geographic environments of each region determine the distinct emergency response and relief background and surroundings of various regions at the macro and holistic level,and the disaster-formation processes and patterns of an earthquakes occurring in different physical geographic environments usually have marked region-specific characteristics,so the EER will be more efficient when these regional processes and patterns are dealt with properly. For a certain intense earthquake,the social-economic conditions are the determinant factors in defining what forms and how serious the earthquake disaster will be,and thus affecting EER directly and evidently. At the same time,the different social-economic conditions of different areas also mean the different transportation and communication,medical and rescue facilities,relief resources,as well as self- and mutual relief competences. All these three aspects interweave together and make the EER issue be branded of inevitably remarkable regional or local-specific natures. Based on the above cognition,we take the regional integrated seismic risk,the population-economy density,earthquake-induced secondary natural hazards,local EER input potential coefficient and the local high-rank road density as zonation criteria or indexes,to carry out the macro-scale zonation of EER of Chinese mainland using the principal factor method,overlay method and geographical correlation analysis and through the top-to-bottom region-dividing process. The result shows that the Chinese mainland can be divided into eight macro-scale EER regions,namely,the Northeast China-eastern Inner Mongolia EER region (Ⅰ),the North China EER region(Ⅱ),the Southeast China EER region(Ⅲ),the Loess Plateau EER region(Ⅳ),the Guizhou Plateau-eastern Sichuan EER region (Ⅴ),the Yunnan-western Sichuan EER region(Ⅵ),the Xinjiang EER region (Ⅶ) and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau EER region(Ⅷ). The result also suggests that the macro-characteristics of EER in each region are different markedly and they shall be taken as the primary reference basis for planning,implementing and developing the region-specific EER countermeasure systems in the respective regions.

Key words: earthquake emergency response (EER), macro-scale zonation, regional difference, region-specific feature, macro-characteristics for EER