关键词: 水库诱发地震, GIS, 数据库, 长江三峡工程

Abstract: Reservoir-induced earthquake has been one of the most important problems affecting the Yangtze Three-gorge project at all times. A large number of data and achievements on this aspect have been accumulated and obtained. However, most of them are stored with paper medium by different institutions and individuals, lacking exchange and sharing. In fact, all these data are of great importance to the assessment and prediction of reservoir-induced earthquake. Obviously, the construction of the database system of basic information necessary for the prediction of induced earthquake in the Yangtze Three-gorge reservoir area is an urgent task at present. It not only will provide scientific basis for the theoretical research of reservoir-induced earthquake, but also can be directly used for monitoring and prediction of induced earthquake in the Yangtze Three-gorge area, as well as provide information service for the command of earthquake relief work. In this paper, the contents and technology of visual database for induced earthquake prediction of Yangtze Three-gorge reservoir are determined on the basis of the principal requirements for the database system. The basic data and information for the prediction of reservoir-induced earthquake are divided into four main categories: samples of domestic and foreign typical reservoir-induced earthquake, basic geographical information of the Yangtze Three-gorge reservoir area, information about the geological environment and condition of induced-earthquake and earthquake precursory information. Referring to the national standards and criterions, and basing upon the practical characteristics of various kinds of information obtained in the Yangtze Three-gorge reservoir area, we customize separately the structure and format of data for various types of information. All the basic map data are digitally captured using digital scanning technique, and the visual raster map database is created. Furthermore, most of the raster maps are vectored through screen hand traced, and the visual vector map database is constructed. In addition, the related attribution information are entered and converted, and the corresponding attribution databases of space features are built up respectively. By taking advantage of the mixed data model of GIS, the map data and corresponding attribution data are linked and integrated without seal. Therefore, on the visual database platform, users can not only interactively browse, query, find, identify, display and output the corresponding attribution information of each feature on the map, but also can locate the coordinates of the feature according to its attribution data, which can satisfy the information needs of reservoir-induced earthquake prediction. In addition, because all the map data are digitized, a lot of special manipulation, management and analysis, such as map layers overlaying and integration can be carried out visually and easily. Of course, general functions and maintenances of database such as statistics, sorting and report can also be offered by the database system.

Key words: induced earthquake, GIS, Database, Yangtze Three-gorge reservoir