基于高分辨率影像的宽滩山北缘断裂带右旋走滑特征及其构造意义的初步研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2018.04.005

地震地质 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 784-800.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2018.04.005

基于高分辨率影像的宽滩山北缘断裂带右旋走滑特征及其构造意义的初步研究

郭长辉¹, 李安¹, 刘睿^1,2, 张世民¹

1 中国地震局地壳应力研究所, 地壳动力学重点实验室, 北京 100085;
2 中国地震局地质研究所, 北京 100029

收稿日期:2017-11-15 修回日期:2018-03-28 出版日期:2018-08-20 发布日期:2018-09-26
通讯作者: 李安,男,副研究员,主要从事活动构造和古地震研究,E-mail:antares_lee@163.com
作者简介:郭长辉,男,1990年生,中国地震局地壳应力研究所在读硕士研究生,从事活动构造研究,E-mail:krin0312@sina.com。
基金资助:
中国地震局地壳应力研究所基本科研业务专项（ZDJ2014-12）、国家自然科学基金（41402185）和中国地震活断层探察南北地震带北段项目（201408023）共同资助

A PRELIMINARY RESEARCH ON THE RIGHT-LATERAL STRIKE-SLIP CHARACTERISTICS AND THE STRUCTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NORTHERN KUANTANSHAN FAULTS, HEXI CORRIDER, BASED ON HIGH-RESOLUTION IMAGERY

GUO Chang-hui¹, LI An¹, LIU Rui^1,2, ZHANG Shi-min¹

1 Key Laboratory of Crustal Dynamics, Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100085, China;
2 Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2017-11-15 Revised:2018-03-28 Online:2018-08-20 Published:2018-09-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 阿尔金断裂在河西走廊西端的酒西盆地附近左旋走滑特征逐渐消失，而其东侧的宽滩山断裂和黑山北缘断裂表现为逆冲构造。在宽滩山北侧分布的2条断裂，分别是塔尔湾-池家刺窝断裂和干峡山断裂，这2条断裂也表现出明显的活动特征。前人认为塔尔湾-池家刺窝断裂是1条低活动速率的逆冲断裂，并未对其水平运动进行详细研究。宽滩山北缘断裂带是否存在水平走滑运动，对于进一步探讨阿尔金走滑断裂和祁连山北缘逆冲断裂的构造转换模式，具有非常重要的意义。文中通过无人机SfM摄影测量等野外工作，对宽滩山北缘的塔尔湾-池家刺窝断裂和干峡山断裂的走滑运动特征进行研究，并获得了2点初步认识：1）宽滩山北缘断裂是具有右旋兼有逆冲的活动断裂，通过对宽滩山北缘断裂带的河流冲沟和阶地的位错量进行统计，初步估计其晚更新世右旋走滑速率为0.2~0.25mm/a，全新世右旋走滑速率为0.5~1.5mm/a；2）宽滩山北缘断裂所在的河西走廊西端位置的构造主要驱动力来自于祁连山向北的挤压作用，造成了宽滩山北缘断裂的右旋走滑和酒西盆地内多条断裂的逆冲运动性质。

关键词: 塔尔湾-池家刺窝断裂, 干峡山断裂, 右旋走滑, 无人机测量

Abstract: The sinistral strike-slip characteristic of the Altyn Tagh Fault gradually disappears near the Jiuxi Basin at the west end of Hexi Corridor, and the Kuantanshan Fault and the northern marginal fault of Heishan on its east are thrust structures. There are two faults distributed in the north of Kuantanshan, namely, the Taerwan-Chijiaciwo Fault and the Ganxiashan Fault, both are featured with obvious activity. Predecessors thought that the Taerwan-Chijiaciwo Fault is a thrust fault with low movement rate, but there is few detailed study on its horizontal motion. Is there horizontal strike-slip movement in the northern marginal fault of Kuantanshan? This issue has an important significance to further explore the structural transformation mode between the Altyn Tagh strike-slip faults and the northern thrust faults in the north margin of Qilianshan. Using high resolution remote sensing images and field work, such as combining with UAV SfM photogrammetry, the paper studies the strike-slip characteristics of the Taerwan-Chijiaciwo Fault and Ganxiashan Fault on the northern margin of Kuantanshan, and get two preliminary understandings:(1) The northern marginal fault of Kuantanshan is an active right-lateral strike-slip fault with thrust component, the horizontal to vertical dislocation ratio is about 3-4 times. Based on the statistics of dislocation amount of the gullies and terraces along the north marginal Kuantanshan fault, it is preliminarily estimated that the late Pleistocene right-lateral strike-slip rate is about 0.2-0.25 mm/a and the Holocene right-lateral strike-slip rate is about 0.5-1.5 mm/a. (2) The main driving force to the tectonics at the western end of Hexi Corridor, where the northern marginal fault of Kuantanshan locates, comes from the northward extrusion of the Qilian Mountains, which results in the right-lateral strike-slip of the northern marginal fault of Kuananshan and the thrust movement of several faults inside the Jiuxi Basin. The effect of the Altyn Tagh Fault on other tectonic structures is not obvious in this region.

Key words: Taerwan-Chijiaciwo Fault, Ganxiashan Fault, right-lateral strike-slip, UAV Photogrammetry

中图分类号:

P315.2

郭长辉, 李安, 刘睿, 张世民. 基于高分辨率影像的宽滩山北缘断裂带右旋走滑特征及其构造意义的初步研究[J]. 地震地质, 2018, 40(4): 784-800.

GUO Chang-hui, LI An, LIU Rui, ZHANG Shi-min. A PRELIMINARY RESEARCH ON THE RIGHT-LATERAL STRIKE-SLIP CHARACTERISTICS AND THE STRUCTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NORTHERN KUANTANSHAN FAULTS, HEXI CORRIDER, BASED ON HIGH-RESOLUTION IMAGERY[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2018, 40(4): 784-800.

参考文献

陈涛, 刘玉刚, 闵伟, 等. 2012. 塔尔湾断裂活动时代厘定及地貌陡坎成因分析［J］. 地震地质, 34(3):401-413.
CHEN Tao, LIU Yu-gang, MIN Wei, et al. 2012. The activity age of Tarwan Fault and genesis of the topographic scarp［J］. Seismology and Geology, 34(3):401-413(in Chinese).
陈柏林, 刘建民, 刘建生, 等. 2005. 阴洼山断裂全新世活动特征与年代学研究［J］. 地震地质, 27(2):243-251.
CHEN Bai-lin, LIU Jian-min, LIU Jian-sheng, et al. 2005. Study on the activity and chronology of the Yinwashan Fault during Holocene epoch［J］. Seismology and Geology, 27(2):243-251(in Chinese).
陈柏林, 王春宇, 刘建民, 等. 2006. 新民堡断裂新构造活动特征［J］. 地球学报, 27(6):515-524.
CHEN Bai-lin, WANG Chun-yu, LIU Jian-min, et al. 2006. The activity of the Xinminbao Fault from the Late Pleistocene to Holocene［J］. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 27(6):515-524(in Chinese).
陈柏林, 刘建生, 张永双, 等. 2007. 嘉峪关断裂晚第四纪新构造活动特征［J］. 地质力学学报, 13(1):78-85.
CHEN Bai-lin, LIU Jian-sheng, ZHANG Yong-shuang, et al. 2007. Late Quaterary neotectonic movement of the Jiayuguan Fault［J］. Journal of Geomechanics, 13(1):78-85(in Chinese).
陈杰, 陈宇坤, 丁国瑜, 等. 2004. 2001年昆仑山口西M_S8.1地震地表同震位移分布特征［J］. 地震地质, 26(3):378-392.
CHEN Jie, CHEN Yu-kun, DING Guo-yu, et al. 2004. Surficial slip distribution and segmentation of the 426-km-long surface rupture of the 14 November, 2001, M_S8.1 earthquake on the east Kunlun Fault, Northern Tibetan Plateau, China［J］. Seismology and Geology, 26(3):378-392(in Chinese).
陈杰, Wyrwoll K H, 卢演俦, 等. 2006. 祁连山北缘玉门砾岩的磁性地层年代与褶皱过程［J］. 第四纪研究, 26(1):20-31.
CHEN Jie, Wyrwoll K H, LU Yan-chou, et al. 2006. Magnetochronology of the Yumen conglomearthes and multi-pulsed folding and thrusting in the northern Qilianshan［J］. Quaternary Sciences, 26(1):20-31(in Chinese).
郭召杰, 张志诚, 张臣, 等. 2008. 青藏高原北缘阿尔金走滑边界的侧向扩展:甘肃北山晚新生代走滑构造与地壳稳定性分析［J］. 地质通报, 27(10):1678-1686.
GUO Zhao-jie, ZHANG Zhi-cheng, ZHANG Chen, et al. 2008. Lateral growth of the Altyn Tagh strike-slip fault at the north margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:Late Cenozoic strike-slip faults and the crustal stability in the Beishan area, Gansu, China［J］. Geological Bulletin of China, 27(10):1678-1686(in Chinese).
刘兴旺, 袁道阳, 雷中生, 等. 2016. 甘肃酒西盆地发现地震地表破裂带［J］. 地震地质, 38(3):605-616. doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2016.03.008.
LIU Xing-wang, YUAN Dao-yang, LEI Zhong-sheng, et al. 2016. Discovery of surface rupture zone in Jiuxi Basin, Gansu Province［J］. Seismology and Geology, 38(3):605-616(in Chinese).
李安, 王晓先, 张世民, 等. 2016. 祁连山北缘玉门断裂晚更新世以来的活动速率及古地震［J］. 地震地质, 38(04):897-910. doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2016.04.008.
LI An, WANG Xiao-xian, ZHANG Shi-min, et al. 2016. The slip rate and paleoearthquakes of the Yumen Fault in the northern Qilian Mountains since the late Pleistocene［J］. Seismology and Geology, 38(4):897-910(in Chinese).
李康, 徐锡伟, 罗浩, 等. 2016. 阿尔金断裂带阿克塞段半果巴探槽揭露的古地震事件. 地震地质., 288(3-4):539-550.
Li H, Yang J, Shi R, et al. 2002. Determination of the Altyn Tagh strike-slip fault basin and its relationship with mountains［J］. Chinese Science Bulletin, 47(7):572-577.
Mcgill S F, Sieh K. 1991. Surficial offsets on the central and eastern Garlock Fault associated with prehistoric earthquakes［J］. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 96(B13):21597-21621.
Ren J, Xu X, Yeats R S, et al. 2013. Latest Quaternary paleoseismology and slip rates of the Longriba fault zone, eastern Tibet:Implications for fault behavior and strain partitioning［J］. Tectonics, 32(2):216-238.
Yin A, Rumelhart P E, Butler R, et al. 2002. Tectonic history of the Altyn Tagh fault system in northern Tibet inferred from Cenozoic sedimentation［J］. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 114(10):1257-1295.
Zhang P Z, Molnar P, XU X W. 2007. Late Quaternary and present-day rates of slip along the Altyn Tagh Fault, northern margin of the Tibetan plateau［J］. Tectonics, 26:TC5010.
Zheng W J, Zhang H P, Zhang P Z, et al. 2013. Late Quaternary slip rates of the thrust faults in western Hexi Corridor(north Qilian Shan, China)and their implications for northeastward growth of the Tibetan plateau［J］. Geosphere, 9(2):342-354.
Zielke O, Arrowsmith J R, Grant Ludwig L, et al. 2010. Slip in the 1857 and earlier large earthquakes 504 along the Carrizo Plain, San Andreas Fault［J］. Science, 327:1119-1122.
Zielke O, Arrowsmith J R. 2012. LaDiCaoz and LiDARimager-MATLAB GUIs for LiDAR data 506 handling and lateral displacement measurement［J］. Geosphere, 8(1):206-221.
Zielke O, Klinger Y, Arrowsmith J R. 2015. Fault slip and earthquake recurrence along strike-slip faults——Contributions of high-resolution geomorphic data［J］. Tectonophysics, 638:43-62.

[1]	马建, 吴国栋, 李军, 黄帅堂. 吐鲁番盆地西南缘博-阿断裂晚第四纪活动特征[J]. 地震地质, 2022, 44(6): 1469-1483.
[2]	常祖峰, 常昊, 毛泽斌, 罗林, 王琦. 中缅交界苏典断裂的最新活动特征及意义[J]. 地震地质, 2021, 43(3): 559-575.
[3]	雷启云, 张培震, 郑文俊, 杜鹏, 王伟涛, 俞晶星, 谢晓峰. 贺兰山西麓断裂右旋走滑的地质地貌证据及其构造意义[J]. 地震地质, 2017, 39(6): 1297-1315.
[4]	王洋, 张波, 侯建军, 艾晟. 曲江断裂晚第四纪活动特征及滑动速率分析[J]. 地震地质, 2015, 37(4): 1177-1192.
[5]	常祖峰. 2013年云南奔子栏M5.9地震发生的地震地质背景[J]. 地震地质, 2015, 37(1): 192-207.
[6]	徐锡伟, 孙鑫喆, 谭锡斌, 李康, 于贵华, Marie Etchebes, Yann Klinger, Paul Tapponnier, J. Van Der Woerd. 富蕴断裂:低应变速率条件下断层滑动习性[J]. 地震地质, 2012, (4): 606-617.
[7]	潘波, 许建东, 刘启方. 1679年三河-平谷8级地震近断层强地震动的有限元模拟[J]. 地震地质, 2009, 31(1): 69-83.
[8]	李传友, 叶建青, 谢富仁, 郑文俊, 韩用兵, 刘玉法, 王伟涛, 魏占玉, 赵冬, 马保起, 任俊杰. 汶川M_S8.0地震地表破裂带北川以北段的基本特征[J]. 地震地质, 2008, 30(3): 683-696.
[9]	宋方敏, 杨晓平, 何宏林, 李传友, 张兰凤. 山东安丘-莒县断裂小店子—茅埠段新活动及其定量研究[J]. 地震地质, 2005, 27(2): 200-211.
[10]	李建华, 郝书俭, 胡玉台, 于之水, 褚宝贵. 1976年唐山地震发震断裂的活动性研究[J]. 地震地质, 1998, 20(1): 27-33.
[11]	江娃利, 刘仲温, 李咸业, 李庆山, 樊文奎. 山东汤头断层全新世右旋走向滑动的新证据[J]. 地震地质, 1991, 13(2): 147-151.

基于高分辨率影像的宽滩山北缘断裂带右旋走滑特征及其构造意义的初步研究

A PRELIMINARY RESEARCH ON THE RIGHT-LATERAL STRIKE-SLIP CHARACTERISTICS AND THE STRUCTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NORTHERN KUANTANSHAN FAULTS, HEXI CORRIDER, BASED ON HIGH-RESOLUTION IMAGERY

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 11

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价