山西交城断裂北端及中段3个大型探槽全新世断错现象分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2012.01.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

前人在山西交城断裂带上开挖过多个探槽,揭露出全新世3次古地震事件,但其研究结果尚不能确定该断裂带全新世活动段的北部边界。近期在该断裂带北端和中段又开挖了3个大型探槽,其中在阳曲县泥屯盆地西界开挖的龙王沟探槽,是一个由多个探槽组合成的大探槽,该探槽揭示的地层断错信息,将交城断裂带全新世活动的范围向北延伸了20km。另外2个大型探槽分别为交城断裂带中段瓦窑沟东侧台地前缘的瓦窑探槽与市儿口沟西侧T₁阶地前缘的新民探槽。这3个大探槽均揭示出全新世中期(¹⁴C测年值为距今5～6ka)的垆土和淤泥层,以及多组平行分布的断面,所揭示的全新世3次古地震事件具有断错事件活动的同步性,可与前人探槽揭示的全新世断层活动事件相对比。3次断错活动时间分别距今3.06～3.53ka、5.32ka左右或6.14ka左右、8.36ka左右;3次事件的时间间隔分别为2.02～2.84ka和2.22～3.04ka。这些断错事件的同震垂直位移为1.5～4.7m,显示了7级以上地表破裂型的强震活动。最后讨论了探槽中¹⁴C测年样品的影响因素。

关键词: 探槽, 古地震期次, 全新世, 交城断裂带

Abstract:

Several trenches were excavated in the previous work along the Jiaocheng Fault zone, which revealed three paleoearthquake events. But the northern boundary of the Jiaocheng Fault zone cannot be confirmed by the previous studies. The paper discussed the fault activities revealed in the three trenches excavated in the northern and central Jiaocheng Fault. Among them, Longwanggou trench is a combination which includes several trenches excavated in western Nitun Basin, Yangqu County. The paper introduced the trench profiles which cross the two right-stepped faults. As is shown in Longwanggou trench, the range of Holocene activity of the Jiaocheng Fault is extended 20km northward. The Wayaogou and Xinmin trenches are located in the central segment of the fault. One is at the fore-platform margin on the east of Wayaogou. The other is in front of the terrace T1 on the west of Shierkougou. Loam and mud layers of mid Holocene (with ¹⁴C ages of 5～6ka BP) and multi-parallel fault planes were observed in all the three trenches. In conclusion, the three Holocene faulting events as revealed in the three trenches are synchronous, which is consistent with previous trenching results. The time of the three events is 3.06～3.53ka, about 5.32ka or 6.14ka, and about 8.36ka B.P. The recurrence interval of the three events is about 2.02～2.84ka and about 3.04～2.22ka. The coseismic vertical displacement of these events is 1.5～4.7m, which shows surface faulting earthquake activity with magnitude greater than 7.0. This paper concludes with a discussion of the effect of ¹⁴C dating samples collected from the trenches.

Key words: trenches, paleoearthquake events, Holocene, the Jiaocheng Fault zone

中图分类号:

P315.2

郭慧, 江娃利, 谢新生. 山西交城断裂北端及中段3个大型探槽全新世断错现象分析[J]. 地震地质, 2012, 34(1): 76-92.

GUO Hui, JIANG Wa-li, XIE Xin-sheng. ANALYSIS OF HOLOCENE FAULTING PHENOMENA REVEALED IN THE THREE TRENCHES ALONG THE NORTHERN AND CENTRAL JIAOCHENG FAULT,SHANXI[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2012, 34(1): 76-92.

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